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The letter of Vydūnas to Martynas Jankas
Vaclovas BAGDONAVIČIUS, www.mazoji-lietuva.lt
Martynas Jankus and Vydūnas – the most eminent figures of 19th century the end of the 20th century the first half of the National League of Lithuania minor. Both have made a surprising number, perhaps leaving the most memorable images of contemporaries and the younger generation who have already seen them. You can say that both were, and now, almost no legendary personality. The particular spheres of their activity are only partly linked, to a large extent, each of them being different, although it is geared towards the same general objective of preserving and promoting Lithuanians in their own right. country. The purpose of the task was to unite not only these two great-grandfathers, but also other Lithuanians at least a little more active of the country, leaving more or less traces in the soil of its expressiveness cultural or other. Mr. Jankus and Vydūnas were not very close to each other, each having brothers spiritually linked to the pursuit of their contemporaries. However, the magnitude of the work done and the contributions to the nation's animation process make these different people unique, compared to two peaks of the same peak of a similar height. Of course, the similar scheme of these heights, seen from a relatively short time retrospective, from which the visible image does not differ much from the observer there are close to a century. A longer-term perspective is likely to highlight the differences between these sizes that younger generations will perceive more clearly. These differences should be seen in what will remain in the honorable history and what history will survive and remain in the reality of later times. Today, it is interesting to see how these two remarkable peaks, not only in terms of size, but also in their very nature, are similar and in the essence of which they express differently.
The two most important personalities of Lithuania Minor have received a lot of respect and attention from the researchers, although not all of them have been informed about it. The life, social, political and cultural activities of Mr. Jankaus are still the most complete, though fragmented, enlightened in 1967. Monograph of the journalist Pranio Allson (1911 – 1986), published in Toronto, Canada (19659007). The publishing activity of his work was quite elaborate in the book-making work of Domo Kaunas [2]. The historian Silva Pocytė in the monograph The peasants in the German Empire from 1871 to 1914 [3] showed a concrete contribution of Mr. Jankaus to the Lithuanian Prussian national movement. The figure of Mr. Jankaus is also well known in the work of many other historians of Lithuania Minor or its cultural researchers. His memory is beautifully preserved, his life and activities are perfectly illuminated at the memorial museum dedicated to him in Bitėnai. There are many manuscripts and other materials that have not been extracted by the researchers yet. The publication of the museum's 25th anniversary [4] also describes Jānis's personality, presents new facts about his environment, and printed unpublished iconographic material.
The works of Vydūnas proved to be still alive. The lives of Vydūnas, who were quite elaborate in their afterlife, badyzed dramatically, philosophy, reviewed cultural activities. The most important works of the first works are Vinco Mykolaitis-Putinas [5] Vaizgantas [6] Salim Šemeris [7] . Several books devoted to Vydūnas [8] published numerous studies, articles, highlighting one aspect or another of its activity or creativity, appeared in those days. This shows extraordinary attention to this phenomenon of Lithuania Minor. A series of his fundamental drama series has been repeatedly published several times, a historio-physical publication has been published Seven centuries of Lithuanian-German relations Four texts published in the philosophical writing, texts of Published essays and journalism.
Chionas, we will not enter into the life, activities or creations of these actors, but we will focus on the direct or indirect points of their contact.This contact is as obvious as it is clear, but no one looked at it more closely. , more specific. This work will be the first attempt to make it clearer. However, he does not claim that the presence of these great-grandfathers is a question of details. Let's say how much we can right now, how much we managed to find or use the material we saw in our contact with you. Let's hope that the future will reveal facts that are still unknown, that you will like the new material or that you will offer us other opportunities for new ideas related to this contact.
Martyn Yankus
Essentially, all the links between Mr. Yankaus and Vydūnas are due to the joint action of the Lithuanian national minority movement. Mr. Jank was destined to become a member of this movement at the very beginning. Vydūnas, ten years younger, will join this movement ten years later.
million. Jankus had not done much to prepare for his independent life, even learning at teacher seminars at the Pilkalnis Preparatory School and the Ragainė Teachers' Seminar. Some of them directly touched the young man who was determined to elevate Lithuania. First, the famous Aušra whose most active contributors were Mr. Yankus. When Aušra was printed in Ragainė, one of Vydūnas' brothers in this printing house studied the letters of an elector and several of his numbers were badyzed. These figures for the future Vydūnas seemed to open their eyes, as they showed how beautiful the Lithuanian word was and inspired the desire to write in Lithuanian itself. Especially impressive 1885 no. 12th edition of J. Zauervein's ballad "Macilena and Grazina" [9]. In addition, J. Zauervein calls on Lithuanians themselves to undertake educational activities – to allow Lithuanian letters to create holy days for Lithuanian schools, to create a society that cares for them – which Mr Jankui encouraged to try to implement. Some of these attempts were not very good, for example, the creation of Lithuanian schools, but they were it.
Even indirectly, Mr. Jankai and Vydūnas badociate in 1885 The company Birute was founded at the beginning. Mr.Jankus is one of its founders, his active actor, one of the most prominent speakers, the initiator of some initiatives, and one of the presidents (1889-1892) ) [10]. The activity of Mr. Jankaus, a Lithuanian propagandist, was particularly pbadionate. Not everything here, as in Aušra was smooth, but in any case, he was one of the initiators of the company's founding and did not do much. Vydūnas' father goes to the meetings of the society, where he sees J. Zauerveinas, learns about J. Basanavičius and tells what he saw, what he heard, to the children [11] . 1886 One of the meetings Birute in Gastos is the next Vydūnas itself, where they listen to the speeches inspired by the then president of the company Vilius Bruožius [12]. By the way, according to Vydūnas, with the Vilium Brigade, members of this society began to disagree. Mr. Yankus is particularly angry with him [13]. Mr. Yankus himself, in the article on Birute also speaks of V.Brouzis, notes that the Germans, in the hope of eliminating it from the national activity and thus paralyzing the whole movement of Lithuanians, have tried to compromise it. However, Mr. Yankus is not mentioned here about his negative attitude towards V.Bruojus [14].
Birute plays an important role in the Vydūnas' journey, not only to the extent that he reinforces his patriotic feelings. This society has, to a very large extent, determined the development of Vydūnas as a phenomenon in our culture. It is she who is writing to become a young Tilze teacher who is preparing to draw on the practical cultural service for Lithuanians. 1895 In the Autumn Birute K. Wosk and H. Reidis, Priest of the Lithuanian Church of Tilze, Are Continually Asked to V. Storost agrees to conduct two choruses simultaneously – Birute and the aforementioned churches [15]. It is therefore true that Mr. Jankus was removed from Birute and the Society itself in 1895. At the beginning of the decade, a decade has pbaded since sleep. Vydūnas was originally from the choir of the Birgists themselves, and later, with the church, I sang the choir of the Lithuanian Singing Society of Tilze to actively contribute to the recovery of Birute . The singers' concert and theatrical activity began to reach full speed from 1899. when they left the church and announced that they had the desire to sing and play an affiliate [16]. Mr. Jankus then began to leave Sunrise (that was from 1900 to 1902), which, with a detail and very favorable, without regrets, reflected the activities of the new badociation. Frequently, the number of this publication [17] describes in detail the events of the Society, presents his entire repertoire without any admiration, describes his performance, the details of the works of Vydūnas, who have already signed various other pseudonyms and cryptons, drama. And always – a commendable word for the company and its leader. Saulietka showed this favor, believing in the first steps taken by the founder of the society to act independently, already describing the first of his 1899 years. December 30th held tonight "Our dear, refreshing and sensitive songs become more and more revealing.At the end of the day, Pereitos got tired of Tilžė's" Lithuanian Giedorių draugystę "which, as it turns out , begins to take energetic measures, "writes Saulėtekis expressing his faith in the future success of society.The final description of the first concert of the company expresses the belief that society will give a strong impetus to the song Lithuanian to restore and reveal its beauty, E. Gizevius also noticed this beauty, but he failed to inspire this idea in others. "When, meanwhile, our beloved man German origin, Pon Gisev, directed the Lithuanian songs, it was not at all a popular singer who could bring this hard bitterness to the world, "reads Sunrise . to sing as that, it became like singing with the bees scum. If Pons Gisevius was alive today, he seems to be happy that what he wanted to strike was carried away by his disciple in complete happiness. Today, the niece will not dare to consider such a fate for Lithuanian singing and singing, and we owe it to the diligence of our unanimous Lord Storosto "[18].
[19659005] Vydūnas about 1905
With great favor, it is described in 1900. February 11 The first festival of the Society took place during which the next triumphal drama of Vydūnas Santaika (named by the author LA ), accompanied by songs very warmly welcomed by 9 listeners, was played.This declaration also publishes the Statutes of the Society ( Treaties ), and welcomes the success of its first steps in the pursuit of success in its future activities. "Cedars can be happy to celebrate their holidays, and the welder will have a good success in their future, they will be able to catch their peaceful minds ", written in Sunshine [19] .In all subsequent descriptions of the events of the Singer Association (mainly winter and summer holidays), the company pursues its purpose consistently and successfully, conquers the growing sympathies of the public, makes the Lithuanian public grow, develops its national self-esteem and shows the charm of Lithuanian songs. for kittens, that they differ in their activities from other societies that existed at that time. "Giedoriaus draugystė" was for all struggles, singing songs after Lithuania. We can thank the leader of the helpless trusov that this friendship, not only among all Chionukes, is full of all the Lithuanian friendships, but it is possible to take the race and the German friendship of the singers everywhere, "says the One of the Sunshine journals of the then Lithuanian movement [20].
Meanwhile, much less attention was paid to the Birutei which the singer helped, and much of what was said about it, the lack of blame, the accusations to die, and so that she has forgotten her main task – spell out the national linguistic awareness in languages. In presenting the review of the activities of the Lithuanian Prussian Society in the accesses of the 20th century, Birutė Saulėtekis writes: "From the first line of friendship, based on old age and weight," Byrutė " , founded on February 15, 1885. Its task is to use the Lithuanian language and to conceal it "united by nature and without profit." Well, the wishes, as they were, always remained a desidera To write the story of Byrut, it would be possible to provoke a number of incidents in which the bonds of friendship themselves have created a unity among compatriots: the controversy and the struggle of A gap have barely undermined their own friendship.Because of his not so long life, Byrut has experienced many shocks and dangerous creatures.It is understandable that in such circumstances their work has brought us less profit, at least we can not see them "[21] Sunrise the editors claim that the current, the years 1900, Birute do not do much. "Byrut", and once only having fun and expressing his patriotic love, did nothing good, "says the annual review of the publication [22] Seeing the obvious results of constant and persevering work of the Singer Society, Saulėtekis did not think that this activity would be motivated by a much weaker consecutive worker Birute and advised him to return to the objectives a little bit – by speaking, to revive the patriotism of compatriots and cultivate love for the mother tongue. "In total, it seems that Byrut wants to survive, or if he succeeds, will show the future. It would have been plausible for her to return to her own peace. Birute Sauletti 1901. early [23] The concert Birute constantly shows the activities of the Singer Society, whose prospects Sunrise n 39 There is no doubt. In Biržai in the Sunshine it is possible to feel the tense relations of Mr. Jankaus with these last hidden reflections, expressed in the Pagyrosë Society of Sayers and Rebukes Birute will lose his power and popularity during the first years of his life, even though he will try to try to play, during which time the society of singers will become more and more more influential, will gain stronger positions and conquer almost all public sympathies. The actors of Birute on the singer are very angry for their successful performance, and will try to portray them as their demolishers, as the migrant s of the activity of a nation and so on. This anger will occur especially after 1905, that is to say, after Birute the twentieth anniversary of the feast that the same singers helped to organize. The anger of the time Birute President J.Vanagaitis was dumped in 1908. published in a pamphlet Waves Assigned to Birute [24] Pages: 1 [19659002] 2
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