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Even at our location, there is a great lesson to be learned: the galactic plane obscures the Universe beyond, about 10 degrees above and below, in visible light, as shown here. If you want to see what lies beyond our galaxy – or any other dusty galaxy – just look in the infrared and watch the Universe open up to you.
ESO / B.Tafreshi
When you look at the Milky Way in visible light, you can see billions of stars, but you miss a lot more.
Multi-wavelength images of M31, the Andromeda galaxy. Clearly, different wavelengths reveal various details that are invisible under visible light alone.
Planck / NASA / ESA Mission Team
The human eye is only sensitive to a tiny fraction of the entire electromagnetic spectrum (light).
The transmittance or opacity of the electromagnetic spectrum through the atmosphere. Note all absorption functions in gamma rays, X-rays and infrared, which is why they are best viewed from space. On many wavelengths, like on the radio, the floor is just as good, while others are simply impossible. Even though the atmosphere is mostly transparent to visible light, it dramatically distorts incoming starlight.
NASA
Each range of wavelengths & nbsp; present & nbsp; a new view of everything that exists.
NASA's Fermi satellite has built the world's highest resolution and highest energy universe map ever created. Without space observatories such as this one, we could never learn everything we have from the universe.
NASA / DOE / Fermi LAT collaboration
Gamma rays: the light at the highest energy & nbsp; comes from black holes, neutron stars, nova explosions, high-energy antimatter-driven bubbles and supernova remnants.
X-rays: When the materials heat up because of collisions, stellar flow, cataclysmic events, or neutron star accelerations or black holes, the result is an X – ray.
Data from NASA's Chandra X-ray observatory reveal the central region of the Milky Way. Chandra's X-rays (blue and violet) reveal a gas heated to millions of degrees by stellar explosions and outflows from the supermassive black hole of the Milky Way.
NASA / CXC / UMass / D. Wang et al.
The most powerful X-ray sources are the supermassive black holes.
This mosaic of 330 images from NASA's Swift Observatory showcases the newly formed hot UV-emitting stars present in the Andromeda galaxy. Unfortunately, it is impossible to visualize our own Milky Way from the galactic plane in the ultraviolet, because dust is simply too effective at blocking ultraviolet light for these views to be useful.
NASA / Swift / Stefan Immler (GSFC) and Erin Grand (UMCP)
Ultraviolet: this light usually reveals newly formed hot stars, but it's ugly to look at our own galaxy.
There is simply too much dust that reduces the utility of ultraviolet light.
A map of the density of stars in the Milky Way and the surrounding sky, clearly showing the Milky Way, the big and small magellanic clouds (our two largest satellite galaxies) and, if you take a closer look, NGC 104 to the left of the SMC, NGC 6205 slightly above and to the left of the galactic core, and NGC 7078 slightly below. There are a large number of galaxies to discover, but at about 10 degrees above and below the galactic plane, visible light can not reveal them.
ESA / GAIA
Visible: That 's what we normally see, billions of stars with dust blocking light.
The SDSS view in the infrared – with APOGEE – of the galaxy of the Milky Way seen towards the center. Containing some 400 billion stars, infrared wavelengths are best for viewing as much as possible because of its transparency to light blocking dust.
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Infrared: Finally, the previously obscured stars are revealed.
This four-panel view shows the central region of the Milky Way in four different wavelengths of light, with the longest (submillimetric) wavelengths at the top, passing through the far-infrared (2nd and 3rd) and ending with a view in visible light. of the Milky Way. Note that the dust bands and stars in the foreground obscure the center in visible light, but not so much in the infrared.
ESO / ATLASGAL Consortium / NASA / GLIMPSE Consortium / VVV / ESA Survey / Planck / D. Minniti / S. Guisard Acknowledgments: Ignacio Toledo, Martin Kornmesser
The length of the wavelength of infrared light makes it transparent to dust.
The light in the middle and far infrared reveals cooler gases and protostars.
The first complete sky map published by the Planck collaboration reveals some extragalactical sources with cosmic microwave backgrounds beyond, but is dominated by background microwave emissions from the matter of our own galaxy: most of time in the form of dust radiating low but not negligible. the temperatures.
Planck Collaboration / ESA, HFI and LFI Consortium
Microwave: just show the heated dust.
The positions of fast radio explosions known from 2013, including four discoveries that help prove the extragalactic origins of these objects. The remaining radio emissions indicate the location of galactic sources such as hydrogen and electrons.
MPIfR / C. Ng; Science / D. Thornton et al.
Radio: lower energy light reveals electrons and hydrogen gas.
This multi-wavelength view of the galactic center of the Milky Way goes from the X-ray to the optical through the infrared, highlighting Sagittarius A * and the intragalactic medium located at approximately 25,000 light-years. The black hole has a mass of about 4 million suns, while the Milky Way as a whole forms less than a new Sun of stars each year. Later this year, using radio data, the EHT will solve the black hole event horizon. Note that even with such color-coded images, it is difficult to disentangle the different contributions of different wavelengths.
X-Ray: NASA / CXC / UMass / D. Wang et al .; Optics: NASA / ESA / STScI / D.Wang et al. IR: NASA / JPL-Caltech / SSC / S.Stolovy
With so much information, it is better to visualize the different wavelengths.
A view of the Milky Way over several wavelengths reveals the presence of many phases and states of normal matter, far beyond the stars that we usually see in visible light. The individual wavelengths presented here are separate, rather than mixed, allowing us to view the information of each individual component.
NASA
Mostly Mute Monday tells an astronomical or scientific story in images, images and 200 words maximum. Speak less; mouse more.
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Even at our location, there is a great lesson to be learned: the galactic plane obscures the Universe beyond, about 10 degrees above and below, in visible light, as shown here. If you want to see what lies beyond our galaxy – or any other dusty galaxy – just look in the infrared and watch the Universe open up to you.
ESO / B.Tafreshi
When you look at the Milky Way in visible light, you can see billions of stars, but you miss a lot more.
Multi-wavelength images of M31, the Andromeda galaxy. Clearly, different wavelengths reveal various details that are invisible under visible light alone.
Planck / NASA / ESA Mission Team
The human eye is only sensitive to a tiny fraction of the entire electromagnetic spectrum (light).
The transmittance or opacity of the electromagnetic spectrum through the atmosphere. Note all absorption functions in gamma rays, X-rays and infrared, which is why they are best viewed from space. On many wavelengths, like on the radio, the floor is just as good, while others are simply impossible. Even though the atmosphere is mostly transparent to visible light, it dramatically distorts incoming starlight.
NASA
Each range of wavelengths presents a new vision of everything that exists.
NASA's Fermi satellite has built the world's highest resolution and highest energy universe map ever created. Without space observatories such as this one, we could never learn everything we have from the universe.
NASA / DOE / Fermi LAT collaboration
Gamma rays: the highest energy light comes from black holes, neutron stars, nova explosions, high energy bubbles fueled by antimatter and supernova remnants.
X-rays: When the materials heat up because of collisions, stellar flow, cataclysmic events, or neutron star accelerations or black holes, the result is an X – ray.
Data from NASA's Chandra X-ray observatory reveal the central region of the Milky Way. Chandra's X-rays (blue and violet) reveal a gas heated to millions of degrees by stellar explosions and outflows from the supermassive black hole of the Milky Way.
NASA / CXC / UMass / D. Wang et al.
The most powerful X-ray sources are the supermassive black holes.
This mosaic of 330 images from NASA's Swift Observatory showcases the newly formed hot UV-emitting stars present in the Andromeda galaxy. Unfortunately, it is impossible to visualize our own Milky Way from the galactic plane in the ultraviolet, because dust is simply too effective at blocking ultraviolet light for these views to be useful.
NASA / Swift / Stefan Immler (GSFC) and Erin Grand (UMCP)
Ultraviolet: This light usually reveals warm, newly formed stars, but it's ugly to see our own galaxy.
There is simply too much dust that reduces the utility of ultraviolet light.
A map of the density of stars in the Milky Way and the surrounding sky, clearly showing the Milky Way, the big and small magellanic clouds (our two largest satellite galaxies) and, if you take a closer look, NGC 104 to the left of the SMC, NGC 6205 slightly above and to the left of the galactic core, and NGC 7078 slightly below. There are a large number of galaxies to discover, but at about 10 degrees above and below the galactic plane, visible light can not reveal them.
ESA / GAIA
Visible: That 's what we normally see, billions of stars with dust blocking light.
The SDSS view in the infrared – with APOGEE – of the galaxy of the Milky Way seen towards the center. Containing some 400 billion stars, infrared wavelengths are best for viewing as much as possible because of its transparency to light blocking dust.
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Infrared: Finally, the previously obscured stars are revealed.
This four-panel view shows the central region of the Milky Way in four different wavelengths of light, with the longest (submillimetric) wavelengths at the top, passing through the far-infrared (2nd and 3rd) and ending with a view in visible light. of the Milky Way. Note that the dust bands and stars in the foreground obscure the center in visible light, but not so much in the infrared.
ESO / ATLASGAL Consortium / NASA / GLIMPSE Consortium / VVV / ESA Survey / Planck / D. Minniti / S. Guisard Acknowledgments: Ignacio Toledo, Martin Kornmesser
The length of the wavelength of infrared light makes it transparent to dust.
The light in the middle and far infrared reveals cooler gases and protostars.
The first complete sky map published by the Planck collaboration reveals some extragalactical sources with cosmic microwave backgrounds beyond, but is dominated by background microwave emissions from the matter of our own galaxy: most of time in the form of dust radiating low but not negligible. the temperatures.
Planck Collaboration / ESA, HFI and LFI Consortium
Microwave: just show the heated dust.
The positions of fast radio explosions known from 2013, including four discoveries that help prove the extragalactic origins of these objects. The remaining radio emissions indicate the location of galactic sources such as hydrogen and electrons.
MPIfR / C. Ng; Science / D. Thornton et al.
Radio: lower energy light reveals electrons and hydrogen gas.
This multi-wavelength view of the galactic center of the Milky Way goes from the X-ray to the optical through the infrared, highlighting Sagittarius A * and the intragalactic medium located at approximately 25,000 light years. The black hole has a mass of about 4 million suns, while the Milky Way as a whole forms less than a new Sun of stars each year. Later this year, using radio data, the EHT will solve the black hole event horizon. Note that even with such color-coded images, it is difficult to disentangle the different contributions of different wavelengths.
X-Ray: NASA / CXC / UMass / D. Wang et al .; Optics: NASA / ESA / STScI / D.Wang et al. IR: NASA / JPL-Caltech / SSC / S.Stolovy
With so much information, it is better to visualize the different wavelengths.
A view of the Milky Way over several wavelengths reveals the presence of many phases and states of normal matter, far beyond the stars that we usually see in visible light. The individual wavelengths presented here are separate, rather than mixed, allowing us to view the information of each individual component.
NASA
Mostly Mute Monday tells an astronomical or scientific story in images, images and 200 words maximum. Speak less; mouse more.