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The results of Enem (National Examination of Secondary School) expose each year an abyss between the grades of public and private schools. The particular units have better overall results, but a study by Folha shows that the situation between them is also uneven, even in the presence of students of the same profile.
One in three private schools in the country with high-level socio-economic students have not reached the level that would have been expected in Enem last year for these colleges.
Of the 1,163 private schools with "very high", "high" and "medium-high" socio-economic students, 418 (36%) did not reach the levels that these groups would reach, according to statistical estimates calculated to report. In practice, they could achieve better results because of the profile of their students.
In public units with richer students, this index rises to 51%, although these do not have autonomy to fill structural gaps, such as the lack of education. ;teachers.
Research shows the influence of the socio-economic level of students on academic success. Colleges with poorer students have more difficulty getting better results – and better averages in Enem, for example. Sheet Mapping averages by school from Enem's 2017 raw and official data. They had only average units with at least half of the 3rd year students at the school. 39 Enem (always respecting a minimum of ten students).
The method is the same as that adopted in previous years by the Department of Education
The report has made statistical estimation of the expected grades for each group of schools according to the socio-economic profiles of students.
For this he also used data from the Enem 2016.
The expected score for private schools with a socio-economic level considered "very high", for example, is 591 24. Of the 685 schools with calculated averages that have students with this profile, 32% can not reach this grade. Among private schools with a "high" level, 44% of the 350 do not reach the estimated score for this group (556.32).
Socioeconomic levels were calculated for each school by the CME in 2015. In total, there are seven levels, ranging from "very low" to "very high", considering all schools in the country. According to Silvia Collelo, of the USP School of Education, Enem data can be good indicators for evaluating a school, but with caution.
"To evaluate, we must consider the population entering the school.There is no doubt that the middle and upper clbades have advantages because they have access to cultural badets that the less privileged clbades do not have, "he says." Of course, we have good and bad private schools, and often the data does not specify what the unit does. "[19659002] The sheet still estimated the expected grade for schools by the tuition fees.The prices refer to 2017 for schools of the city of São Paulo, calculated by the Datafolha Institute.The expected score for schools with monthly fees of up to R $ 1,000, for example, are 14% lower than those who charge more than R $ 3,000.
Like the other years, the average of schools was calculated with students' grades
To compare the colleges, the sheet ac Considered those with at least 61 students in the third year.
This totaling resulted in a total of 6,499 schools, including 5,227 public schools and 1,272 private schools.
In the list of 100 units better placed, 30 are from São Paulo and 23 from Minas Gerais.
Bernoulli College, Belo Horizonte, was for the fifth year followed first, according to these criteria. Vértice, in the capital of São Paulo, leads in the state of São Paulo
As in previous years, public schools are at a disadvantage. More than 80% of high school students are in the public network.
Of the top 10% of schools, only 18% are public – and 82% are private.
All audiences of this elite group are federal or state technical schools, which usually make vestibulinho. Unsurprisingly, almost all units in this group (both networks) have students with high socioeconomic status.
The overall average of participants in the 2011 Enem was 514.65. About 70% of public schools with averages calculated are below this level. Only 2% of private schools are in these conditions.
On the other extreme, of the 10% of schools with lower grades, all are public. And 83% of the units have some of the poorest students. These schools did not surpbad the average of 473.49 test points
The Enem is the gateway to almost every federal university. It is also adopted by state universities, such as the USP, which selects a portion of its students from the note.
The results by school express another challenge for public schools: ask students to test Enem and try to access public higher education
Only 38% of 19,490 secondary schools The country's public (including the smaller ones) accounted for more than half of the students in Enem 2017. Of the 8,271 private students, 75% are able to reach this level. ]
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