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Data from the Ministry of Health show that the application of all vaccines in the adult calendar is below the target in Brazil – including the dose that protects against measles, a disease that records outbreaks in at least three states. In children, the situation is not very different – in 2017, only BCG, which protects against tuberculosis and is still in maternity, has reached the goal of 90% vaccination.
The downward trend in immunization coverage, according to the record, began to appear in 2016 and has continued to increase ever since. In 312 Brazilian municipalities, less than 50% of children have been vaccinated against polio. Although it has been eradicated in the country since 1990, the disease is still considered endemic in at least three countries – Nigeria, Afghanistan and Pakistan – and reintroduces itself into the Americas if immunization coverage is not maintained at 95%.
In an interview with Agência Brasil the coordinator of the National Vaccination Program, Carla Domingues, has evaluated the success of vaccination in the country in recent decades and the consequent eradication of diseases have created a false sense that doses are no longer needed.Another problem, according to her, is the dissemination of so-called false news on social networks and that, in the case of vaccines, the population can boast and scare
"If the population is not properly vaccinated, we risk reintroducing diseases," he warned. "There is, for example, a steady flow of people traveling, and if we stop vaccinating, a sick person arrives in the country and the virus has the opportunity to return to circulation." not eradicated in the world, we need vaccination. "
Measles
According to the coordinator, the measles situation in Brazil is the most worrisome. Amazonas and Roraima, together, already record about 500 confirmed cases and more than 1,500 in the survey. Rio Grande do Sul has also confirmed at least six cases. High-income countries, according to Carla, "relaxed" with vaccination. Italy, Greece and Bulgaria are examples of countries with low immunization coverage against the disease
"Measles is a real risk, with more than 450 confirmed cases in the north, in Roraima and the Amazon. There are confirmed cases in Rio Grande do Sul [Estamos] Investigations on cases in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro We can have a retransmission of measles across the country, "he warned. "Health professionals themselves no longer believe that recommending a vaccine is important."
The ministry advises that all children, adolescents, and adults under 29 years of age receive both doses for vaccination. Adults aged between 30 and 49 should receive one dose.
Campaigns
Until 2012, Brazil conducted two annual polio vaccination campaigns – a period marked by character Zé Gotinha. Currently, only influenza vaccination and multi-vaccination campaigns take place, when delayed children's schedule doses are updated. However, according to the World Health Organization's recommendation for low coverage situations, the pulp will again be carrying out a vaccination campaign against polio and measles this year.
The doses, according to Carla, should be distributed throughout the country. August 31, in the format of the campaign indiscriminately. This means that all children under the age of 1 and under 5 looking for a job in this period will be vaccinated – even those who have already served the scheduled doses in the children's calendar. "This will be an opportunity to strengthen the child and enhance immunity," he says
Strategies
Still according to the coordinator, the ministry's strategy against low coverage vaccines and recent outbreaks recorded in different parts of the country is mobilizing society and managers to warn of risks. There are situations, according to her, that involve, for example, specific neighborhoods with low adherence to vaccines or problems in recording data in the system
"The population is only looking for the vaccine when the outbreak is in the media .. Apart from that, people are not vaccinated.As if the vaccine was a curative rather than a preventive action.It should come before the epidemic.This is how that you gain immunity.Although the vaccine takes at least 15 days to take effect and, in an outbreak, within this time frame, you are not properly protected. "
Edition: Fernando Fraga
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