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There were nine days without food.
Due to a storm, the cave became flooded, and it was flooded by a storm in northern Thailand. the group could not leave .
They were found on July 1, when they started receiving food and medicine. Due to the difficulty of access to the site, the rescue operation was only started on Sunday (8), when four boys were abducted .
On Monday (9), left the cave led by rescue teams. All were transported by helicopter to Chiang Rai Hospital, the capital of the province.
Before the operation, boys underwent medical evaluation, the weakest being the first to leave. Four boys and the coach are still in the cave, but they must be out in the next few hours. Rescue coordinator Narongsak Osottanakorn said in an interview that the boys who left are "in perfect shape".
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The following are the dangers of boys and the health problems that should be studied:
Histoplasmosis – Cavity Disease
One of the possibilities is infection with the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, which causes histoplasmosis. According to the infectious scientist Jessé Reis Alves, of Emílio Ribas Hospital, the disease is a type of ringworm that is not limited to the skin, can spread through the body and affect certain organs, especially the lungs.
in places frequented by birds and bats, such as abandoned buildings, poultry, dovecotes and caves – it is also called cave sickness. Symptoms include high fever, headache, dry cough, shortness of breath, weight loss, and reddened skin lesions.
Symptoms include: high fever, headache, dry cough, shortness of breath, weight loss, and redness of the skin. "Sometimes the fungus stays in the body without causing the disease and at a time of immunosuppression (when the immunity goes down), it can manifest itself," says the doctor.
Depending on the infectious disease, histoplasmosis can cause severe respiratory infection, changes in the spinal cord, problems in the digestive system and can reach really serious images, especially in people with problems in the immune system.
Anger
Another disease that may be common in environments frequented by bats. is rabies, which has the bat as the main transmitter.
Anger is caused by a virus of the family Rhabidoviridae and is transmitted by the direct contact of a person with an infected mammal – it can act to bite, scratch or lick. It enters the body through a skin lesion and moves to reach the brain. It is a progressive disease that can cause death.
The infectious Jesse Reis Alves explains that a bat-like injury can be difficult to identify. It is also difficult to control if the boys have had contact with the secretion of a bat, so it is better to do some preventive work.
"If there are bats in the cave," hepatitis A, leptospirosis and cholera are three diseases that usually circulate in flooded areas. "
Hepatitis A, Leptospirosis and Cholera
Hepatitis A, Leptospirosis and Cholera are three diseases that usually circulate in flooded areas. "Although we do not know if there is such a risk in the region, it would be prudent to do tests to exclude these three diseases in boys, "says pediatrician Paulo Taufi Maluf Junior of the Children's Institute of the USP and Hospital Sírio- Lebanon According to the doctor, the water that flooded the cave can be contaminated – and it was the only water that boys had to drink for the first nine days until they
The specialist explains that hepatitis A is transmitted by human waste According to Maluf, "Flood waters can cross a contaminated site and carry the virus. When this happens, even if a person drinks a small amount of water, she can become infected. "
Unlike hepatitis A, leptospirosis is transmitted through rat waste and is common in flooded areas." The pediatrician explains that "although they did not have the disease, they were not infected." information if there are rats in the area where they are, this is another possibility of water contamination. "
In this case, it is not The virus can contaminate the body with simple skin contact.
Cholera, according to Maluf, is a more "hypothetical" case, but some regions have more Contaminated water, for those who drink water without any treatment., Contamination can happen. "
Before being found by the l & # 39; Research team, the boys spent nine days without food – they had only taken a snack for the ride, which was consumed in the early hours. According to pediatrician Paulo Taufi Maluf Júnior, this can lead to malnutrition and dehydration.
The doctor explains that a person has as a reservoir of energy glucose and glucose deposits, glycogen. As the period goes on without food, the body stops using glucose and starts using the first fat and then the proteins that are in the muscles and bones – the last source of energy.
"By the time they went without food, it's important to know if they have any type of protein or a metabolic deficiency, glucose and fat," says Maluf.
The survey can be done by a blood test and, if it is confirmed, deficiencies can be treated with drugs.
Hypothermia
While it was missing, the group remained united, l & # 39; a very close to the other, to produce heat and maintain body temperature.
According to the pediatrician, this does not rule out the possibility of hypothermia, because of the glucose level , which is even more compromised
"Hypothermia forces the body to increase glucose uptake to maintain its temperature. This makes the rate even lower, which increases the body's difficulty in controlling hypothermia, "says the doctor.
Vitamin Deficiency
Lack of sun and food Maluf explains that the period during which the boys remained in the cave is not enough for them to develop diseases caused by the lack of these vitamins , like rickets, caused by lack of vitamins D, C and B.
vitamin D and scurvy, caused by a lack of vitamin C.
"Boys should not reach this level of deficiency, but that should be studied, this should be a concern, "warns the pediatrician. See images of the rescue operation of the boys in the cave:
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