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290 km directly from the beach of Barra da Tijuca in Rio, hundreds of people work on gigantic metal structures in the middle of the ocean to extract oil up to 7,000 meters deep in the so-called pre-salt layer. In an hour of helicopter ride from the beach, you can see the flames of the first platform. Going a little further, in a few minutes, five more appear, aligned one after the other, drawing the field of Lula, the first in the pre-salt, and the one that currently produces the most oil in the country.
Petrobras has never won so much. money producing oil and gas like now, with pre-salt. The company's exploration and production yielded 35.7 billion rubles in the first nine months of last year, according to its latest published statement. During the same period in 2008, while pre-salt still did not have a commercial scale, the company's exploration and production profit was lower, reaching R $ 31.7 billion, while oil was worth almost double its current value. .
The public company manages to earn more, in a less favorable scenario, because of the low cost of pre-salt deposits, where large quantities of high quality oil are extracted. The barrel produced in the region costs $ 7 per oil, while the average of its fields costs $ 11.
"There is always someone who asks me if this pre-salt trade is really true., There are people who do not believe," jokes Rafael Leone, 36, of whom 12 in Petrobrás , who from the downtown office, respond to the planning of operations in the region.He accompanied the team of rapporteurs during a visit to the platform P-66, the flagship product of pre-salt, one of the world's wagers of the entire oil sector.
Petrobras and private companies daily extract 1.5 million barrels of oil. and 58 million cubic meters of gas pre-salt natural, accounting for 55% of national production.At the end of last year, more than half of the national oil was already leaving the deepest national territory ever reached by technology.
Exceed 2 km of water mbad, 1 km of rock and 2 km more.Salt to reach the pre-salt, which is about 2 km from the sea. thickness, was actually almost as complex as reaching the Moon. "The big challenge was to develop a technology to pbad salt, which is not one," said P-66 director Luciano Mares, 49, including 17 at Petrobrás.
Inside
This whole process of great complexity requires a lot of electricity, even volume consumed, for example, in the city of Vitória (ES). Therefore, in addition to oil-related equipment, there are still large capacity thermal power plants on a salt pre-treatment platform.
In an industrial unit of this size, the scenario is that of an entanglement of tubes and large fenced metal structures. water on all sides. At the end of the boat, through a huge tower, a flame arrives.
Faced with clbadic orange jumpsuits, helmets, thick rubber boots, earplugs, gloves and sunglbades, the visitor's first challenge is to survive the heat. The second is to watch all the videos and go through the security alert phase.
In the corridors of the production area of the largest pre-salt platform, no one transits or handles the equipment. Nobody can shoot the oil 9 km deep. Sometimes a tanker pbades, which does not change the feeling of oppression in the middle of these gigantic machines. On the P-66, you also do not see a drop of oil. All production is piped, and even shipped to the ship for transport to the surface, huge, well-sealed orange hoses are used to prevent leakage.
Platform operators, half a dozen people, control room, from which, sitting in the air conditioning, they monitor, through large screens and computers, the operation of the ship and production units. Thus, like the 150 professionals who make up the crew, this team relays between morning and evening. As a result, there are an average of 75 active people on the platform daily, most of them involved in maintenance, navigation and administration activities.
"The P-66 platform has a high degree of automation in terms of technological advances and equipment." Said Clélio Vinícius de Sousa, head of operation from P-66. "Our work here will serve as leverage to develop other processes," says the engineer, with a tone of pride almost as repetitive on the platform as the safety warnings.
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