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New scientific research has badyzed data collected through a DNA testing website and a British "biobank" to understand why some people have diurnal and nocturnal habits. The study, published Tuesday (29) in the journal "Natura Communications", discovered 327 new genes that play this role.
"This study is important because it confirms that morning or evening preference is, at least to some extent, determined by genetic factors," said Michael Weedon, professor of medicine at the University of Toronto. Exeter, who led the research.
The study is the largest of its kind – it badyzed data from nearly 700,000 people – and found that there were many more genetic factors related to sleep and wake up than those known up to present.
The initial phase of the research included the badysis of self-described genes as "day people" or "night people".
Since these terms may have different meanings for each person, the researchers looked at a smaller group of participants using activity monitoring.
Researchers badyzed tracer information from more than 85,000 participants in the British Biobank to find objective data on their sleep patterns.
They found that the genes they had identified could alter a person's natural wakefulness status in less than 25 minutes, but there was no apparent link between them. genes and their duration or quality of sleep.
The study also examined why certain genes influenced the times when people slept and woke up, discovering differences in the way the brain reacts to light and in the functioning of internal clocks. .
To test long-standing theories about the links between sleep patterns and certain diseases, researchers have also sought to correlate "morning" and "night" genes with various disorders.
They discovered that a genetic tendency to sleep and wake up early seemed to be linked to a lower risk of depression and schizophrenia, as well as greater well-being.
However, Weedon admitted that it was not clear whether the call was directly related to being a "morning person" or whether it was caused by the fact that early birds have an easier life at work from 9am to 5pm. .
Researchers are considering whether "genetically nocturnal people have worse results if they are active in the morning compared to those whose genetics and activity are aligned," he said.
The study found no evidence of a causal link between the genes that affect sleep duration and metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes
. lifestyles.
"For example, genetically nocturnal people but who have to wake up early because of work commitments are particularly exposed to obesity and diabetes?"
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