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BRASILIA – A rule granting a subsidy to consumers who install solar panels (photovoltaic) at home begins to be examined on Tuesday 22 by the National Agency of Electric Power (Aneel). Created in 2012 to encourage distributed production, it reduces the number of light accounts for these users from 80% to 90%. For this, just have space and money – a residential system costs between R $ 15,000 and R $ 25,000. Some of these savings are pbaded on to the energy rates of other users who do not make this investment. For the experts, the advantage can be considered perverse.
Most of the subsidy is given in network utilization rate. These consumers, also known as "prosumers", have access to a compensation system: the energy they generate creates credits, which are reduced by actual consumption. In remote systems, for example, it is possible to generate energy on a farm and use credits on the spot and in an apartment located miles away.
As much as they manage all the energy they consume, consumers depend on distributors. whose networks function, in practice, as stores of the volume generated and not consumed. To inject the energy generated by the day panels, it is necessary to use the network of poles and spinning companies, as well as to receive electricity at night.
The value paid by these consumers to distributors is net consumption – the difference between what has been generated and what has been consumed. Which generates more than consumed only pays businesses that a network availability rate of about R $ 50.00 per month, lower than the compensation that should be paid for the use of networks. These users, if they manage at least what they consume, do not pay either the electric sector subsidies, a $ 20 billion R $ bill embedded in user fees throughout the year. country. In both cases, other customers pay the party.
The reduction in the cost of solar panels, combined with the financing policy of the generation of public banks distributed and the readjustment of the electricity bill above inflation, generated a craze for the new technology. The companies that install these signs in homes indicate that the return on investment is on average five years, or about 20% per year, more than double the yield on Treasury bonds. The BNDES, for example, finances up to 100% of the investment with a payment term of 120 months, a two year grace period and interest on the TLP or Selic.
The country currently has 53,000 connected systems, with . an installed capacity of 661.3 megawatts sufficient to power a city like Curitiba (PR), which has about two million inhabitants. Just a month ago, there were 48,000 connections and 592 MW, a growth of more than 10%.
The subject is controversial
Edvaldo Alves de Santana, president of the Brazilian Association of Major Consumers of Energy (Abrace), has clbadified the subsidy granted to panels according to the number of users equipped with solar panels. solar as perverse. "All the subsidy is perverse, only some are more important than others, like the subsidy for the installation of photovoltaic panels." The poor, who can not have any, pays the rich, "he said." It is a contradiction for Aneel to keep such a subsidy while the government defends the reduction of these costs, "he said. he said, referring to the decree issued by the Ministry of Mines and Energy at the end of last year.)
The president of the Brazilian badociation of solar energy photovoltaic (Absolar), Rodrigo Sauaia, defends the current model.In its evaluation, the system has costs, but it generates more benefits for society and helps maintain the energy matrix clean. "Distributors are against because they lose private income. "
Absolar states that users of distributed generation have invested 2.5 billion rubles in systems since 2012. About 7,000 companies operate in the region, with around 20 thousand jobs generated. "This is t that's a start. It would be premature and negative to revise this model now. This goes against the interests of society, "said Sauaia
Marco Delgado, director of the Brazilian Association of Electrical Power Distributors (Abradee) the subsidy granted to solar panels costs A $ 270 million a year to other consumers According to the executive, if the current rules are maintained, the value can reach 1 billion rubles by 2020
"The subsidy is unjustified. Thanks to size, technology and competition, decentralized generation can already pay enough services provided by power grids, "said Delgado." It's not a matter of paying more, but paying this which is appropriate. "In its evaluation, the revision of the model will continue to give users a return of information, with rates of return higher than economies, for example.
There is even a divergence at Aneel [19659008Thisthemehasbeencontroversialevenwithintheregulatorybody"Atechnicalnotewrittenonthesubjectsuggeststomaintainthecurrentpolicyandextendthetechnologyconsolidationgrantuntilthesolarpanelsreachacertainthresholdnamelyjustover3000MWforlocalsystemsand125000MWforsolarsystems
Solar panels on the roof of the building of the Ministry of Mines and Energy
Another technical note from Aneel states that should be dealt with immediately, because of the consequences of subsidies for other consumers . "At first, the reduction of consumption only compromises the income of the distributors, and in a second time, it is the other consumers who bear the costs not recovered," the document says.
Reporter of the process in Aneel, the director Rodrigo Limp that the agency will submit a proposal for revision of the standard. "We know that the current model is not viable in the long term, it is a question of finding a balance so as not to undermine the competitiveness of decentralized production," he said. He noted, however, that decentralized production could still develop in the country.
For the president of the PSR energy consulting firm, Luiz Barroso, the time has come to review the standard and apply the customs tariff. binomia – model that separates the cost of energy spent with transportation. "The ideal is to solve the problem while the number of solar panels is still low." It is always harder to put the toothpaste back into the tube when tightened. "
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