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The Cuban Parliament approved Saturday (22) the consensual draft of a new constitution that recognizes the role of the market and private property without renouncing communism and that will be submitted to a referendum in February.
- The Cuban Parliament approves the new constitution; The new constitutional text was approved unanimously at a regular session of the National Assembly, behind closed doors of the international press, in the presence of President Miguel Díaz-Canel and his predecessor Raúl Castro, First Secretary of the Communist Party (in power). PCC, single), second online edition of the official journal "Granma".
Friday (21), during From a long trip, parliamentarians received an explanation of the strategic changes, but no "setback" was introduced in the original text at the end of a popular debate held between August and November. with nearly 9 million people.
See amendments to the new constitution:
- Recognition of Private Property and Individual Enrichment – With Limits
- Establishment of Prime Minister as Party Leader
- There will be a determination of civil marriage between persons of the same bad;
- Freedom of presumption of innocence and habeas corpus in criminal proceedings;
- Lay State – the definition did not appear in the old text;
- Determines the maximum age of the presidency of the Republic at 60 ;
- Term of office of five years for the office of President President re-eligible;
- C The Communist Party is the only recognized on the island The Communist Party is the only recognized
- Planned Economy although is recognized on the market
The text restores communism as the goal of Cuban society – it had been eliminated in the initial draft – and the The CCP as a "political force" that "guides joint efforts in building socialism and progressing in communist society".
This restitution irritated the opposition, which began to demand "a mbadive NO and sound" to "defeat the new constitution".
"To say that it is only in socialism and communism that human beings reach their full dignity" is an insult to intelligence and total blindness to 60 years of "the revolution", has declared the dissident União Patriótica of Cuba (Unpacu), in a text sent to AFP.
Market and private property
Cuba is today a more and more mixed economy. More than 591,000 Cubans work for their own account, representing 13% of the working population.
This is an "indigenous" model in which the socialist state retains "the reins of the economy," Acosta said.
In a society until then egalitarian, the new Constitution will allow the generation of private wealth, which will be governed by a rigid fiscal system, while legally avoiding the concentration of property.
Cuba is open to millionaires, especially since the signing of an agreement allowing Cuban baseball players living off the island to sign contracts with the Major League Baseball of the United States for the first time in 60 years.
With regard to the controversial topic of same-bad marriage, to which the initial project paved the way and which responded to the rejection of the population, the drafting committee found a solomonic formula.
Now reworded in Article 82 (former Article 68), the text recognizes marriage as "a social and legal institution" and not as "a union between two persons", which would replace the existing term "between a man and a woman". woman. "
This formula" answers everyone, "admitted Acosta.
For Mariela Castro, daughter of Raúl Castro and lead advocate of the initiative for badual minorities," it n & # There is no setback, "because the new text supports" de facto unions, without linking them to any bad. "
The theme of same-bad marriage is now in the hands of the Family Code, whose reform , according to Mariela, should "guarantee marriage … as a plural and inclusive institution", and will be the subject of a referendum in two days at most.
Another article reporting an opposition is what limits the presidential term to two terms of five years in case of reelection and to a maximum of 60 years to initiate it.
Fidel Castro was chairman of the Board of Directors State and ministers between 1976 and 2008. His brother Raúl, head of state between 2008 and 2018, proposed to limit the ndat.
However, a considerable number of opinions have been taken to allow reelection, to the extent that it enjoys the support of the population, with no age limit.
Finally, the election of the governor remains unchanged, that is to say, elected by Parliament, but he will be president of the Republic for two five-year terms, if he is reelected or re-elected. The figure of the Prime Minister will also be created.
After approval by Parliament, the bill will be put to a referendum on February 24.
Although the current Constitution has undergone changes since its adoption in 1976, it is the first time that the Cuban regime has organized a complete reform of the text.
The Cuban constitution is a "political message" with "uncertain repercussions"
At the time, the professor of international relations Maurício Santoro of the University (19659011) The government "unpredictable "Cuba, Cuba's economic ally, because of cheaper oil.
However, just as constitutional changes do not necessarily mean a change of regime, the election of Díaz-Canel retains the power of the Communist Party of Cuba (CCP). The new president is part of the same party as the predecessors and has not given up on exalting the "revolution" in speeches.
Cuba's relations with the world have changed little since the arrival of Diaz-Canel. The Cuban president visited this year the Asian countries considered as communist: North Korea, Laos and Vietnam. He also criticized Donald Trump, but met with opponents of the US president and went to the country for meetings with major technology companies.
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