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When, in early 1945, Herman Rothman, a German Jew working for the United Kingdom's intelligence services, was woken up by a phone call, he did not know what his mission would be.
did not know that the British authorities had just arrested a Nazi official named Heinz Lorenz for using false identity documents.
Examining his jacket, inside the shoulder pads, the police found documents requested by Adolf Hitler's personal secretary, Martin Bormann.
Lorenz was press secretary to the Third Reich's propaganda minister, Joseph Goebbels.
It was up to Rothman and four other men to translate the documents in the greatest secrecy, he told the press at the publication of his book, The Will of Hitler in 2014.
Being all Jews, they found it ironic to be among the first to read what Hitler – who wanted to exterminate them at all costs – had in mind
- Image Caption
Adolf Hitler appears in his cell first.- The amazing story of the friendship between Hitler and a girl of Jewish origin
- is from Landsberg, while he remains an unimportant political prisoner.
- is from Landsberg, while he remains an unimportant political prisoner.
A legacy without fortune?
In his last political testament, Hitler set out his motives for what he did and what he always intended to do, all punctuated by the expressions of his incessant hatred for the Jews.
"What I have belongs – if it has any value – to the party, the party, the party, if it no longer exists, for the state, if the State is also destroyed, no further decision on my part is necessary. "
Such were the wishes declared by Hitler in another document in which he noted his last testament, that he had dictated and signed in Berlin, with his political will, on April 29, 1945 at 4 pm sharp. The next day, he committed suicide.
Collections of paintings that he had acquired, "have never been collected for private purposes, but only to enlarge a gallery of my hometown of Linz, on the Danube", has he declared [19659007] And his objects of "sentimental value or necessary to lead a simple and modest life" left his parents and his "faithful colleagues" to become his governess, Anni Winter.
It seemed that at the time of his death, whoever commanded For more than a decade, Nazi Germany had left few material goods, which coincided with the frugal picture that she promoted.
The frugal life?
The public had the impression that Hitler did not value much money and did not show signs of ostentatious life either.
However, the translators were surprised to discover that the powerful ruler appeared to be
Hitler for a long time described his poverty and his difficulties when he was an artist in Vienna before the First World War and that he was very rich.
"We always imagined that he had a great fortune."
Legend of the image
Absence of reliable information (19659005) Image information not availableAbsence of reliable information makes it very difficult to estimate of Hitler's fortune
Surveys, documentaries, and reports calculated the amount by including or excluding different sources of revenue, from payments for the use of their image on postage stamps to contributions made by contractors or companies. Hitler's Fortune (19459015), published in 2005.
According to him, even getting the corrected value of the reichsmarks (the currency of Germany at the time) in euros or dollars is a task difficult.
But Whetton ends up with a result.
"On April 24, 1945 … six days before his suicide in Berlin, Adolf Hitler was probably the richest man in Europe, with a fortune of $ 1.35 billion to $ 43 billion. "
But not only
- Germany's strategies to prevent Hitler-related spaces become a" neo-Nazi "sanctuary
The absence of concrete evidence raises another question, on the location of its wealth, on the more than 350 million dollars found in the accounts of an investigation conducted by the US intelligence services. United, according to documents made public. decades.
Over the years, information on Hitler-related accounts has been published in other countries, such as Switzerland. But it is difficult to find this money now, because, as it would never have been pleaded, it should have been confiscated by the Swiss government.
Image caption
In his will, Hitler states that he married his wife and his wifeHowever, many sources agree to say that there is information about the Führer's finances. "This girl who, after years of faithful friendship," decided "of her own free will to share her destiny" with him. Eva Braun – on the photo doing exercise near Hitler's rest home – was suicidal with cyanide a few hours before the führer
My Struggle
Hitler's estate included a house in the Bavarian Alps called Berghof and an apartment in Munich.
But what made the son of a customs official who wanted to become a multi-million dollar artist Hitler started dictating something to Rudolf Hess (who was going to become the second in the Nazi hierarchy) in 1924 while he was serving a prison sentence for attempted coup d'etat, the failed coup d'etat of the brewery (19659007) One of the reasons why Hitler wrote Mein Kampf ( Mine, in which he and his party, the National Socialist Workers Party, attempted to seize power in southern Germany.
At the Originally, he described his work as "a four-and-a-half-year struggle against lies, stupidity, and cowardice."
But Max Amann
was to use the author's rights to pay for the fees of his lawyer., a leader of the Nazi party, c The founder of Hitler and director of the publisher Franz Eher Nachfolger in Munich suggested a much more concise title, by Mein Kampf or from my fight .
The publisher published the first 400 pages on July 18, 1925 in a first volume, with the subtitle "Retrospective". The rest was published in a second volume, "The National Socialist Movement," December 10, 1926.
The entire work was republished in a popular edition of a single volume in May 1930.
The sales of Mein Kampf were relatively modest: in 1925, they reached 9,000 copies
But, by the time Adolf Hitler became a politician, his popularity as an author exploded.
In 1930 Hitler's Nazi Party became the second largest political party in Germany. That year, the number of books sold exceeded 50,000.
At one point, Mein Kampf became compulsory reading in schools. Municipal governments have made it a habit to buy the book and give it to the bride and groom.
One million copies were sold in 1933, mainly because of the pressure exerted on all German citizens for them to buy it. ]
Image caption
Some of the objects "necessary to lead a simple and modest life" were in Berghof
According to documents found in the Munich archives that year, the turnover would have reached 1.2 billion marks, a very high value for the time. To give you an idea, the annual salary of a teacher was 4,800 reichsmarks.
One of the evidences that prove that Hitler made great profit from the copyright of his book is the amount of income tax calculated on his income. when he was Chancellor of Germany: 405 494 Reichsmarks
The note was sent to the Ministry of Finance, which soon stated: "The Führer does not pay taxes".
The book has been translated into 16 languages. more dividends, which were administered by Amann, a Nazi Party official.
Amann became Hitler's treasurer and remained director of the publisher Franz Eher Verlag, one of the richest and most influential Nazi Germans, until the fall of the regime.
Without a doubt, Mein Kampf made Hitler very rich. 19659003] Image caption
Copy of Mein Kampf signed by Hitler himself
"The party … the state"
After the suicide and defeat of the Nazis, the allies confiscated Hitler's property.
His will – "What I own belongs … to the party" – would not be fulfilled, among other reasons more relevant, because, as he had himself anticipated – "If that does not happen. there is more, "the Nazi party is abolished.
His second option was "for the state".
"If the state is also destroyed, no further decision on my part is necessary."
It was the allies who made the decision to transfer Hitler's property to Bavaria, where
Image caption
Adolf Hitler in a cupcakeRights-managed images (License of project) publicity of his book 'Mein Kampf & # 39; (1925) in the street of a German city But the old Hitler building stood up and sheltered a police station
In 1952, what was left was destroyed by the Bavarian government to prevent it from becoming a tourist attraction. Bavaria has seized copyright and prevented the publication of the book in the German-speaking territories and with limited success elsewhere in the world until it fell into the public domain on the 70th anniversary of the death of the author on April 30, 2015..
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