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IBM took advantage of CES 2019, one of the biggest technology events of the year, to show the world its new creation. Q System One is the new IBM quantum computer that promises to be a step closer to the future of this technology.
Q System One is not the first quantum computer of IBM, on which it already works. type for years. But the new system draws attention to design and the pretense: to be the first of its kind to be used for commercial purposes.
According to IBM, it is the world's first fully integrated universal quantum computer system, designed to be used scientifically and commercially. "But, as The Verge has explained," the "Commercial use" is not quite what it seems.
Q System One is not the type of computer that can be used at home or in the home. like other quantum computers, its operation depends on a complex system of temperature and vibration control
Like other similar systems, IBM's new quantum computer is designed to perform experiments with this technology and can not be used that was used virtually on the Internet by the company's cloud service.
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This is In addition, IBM has also announced two new customers of IBM Q Network, the company's cloud computing platform: the energy giant ExxonMobil and the European laboratory CERN, responsible for the LHC (Large Hadron). Collider)
In other words, Q System One is not designed to perform the same tasks as your personal computer or personal computer. work that they do. According to IBM, the advantage of Q System One lies in the fact that the company's new quantum computer is almost completely free. as stable as a normal computer. The PU is more resistant to these small vibrations, and even when the system needs to be rebooted because of one of them, the process is now faster.
Another advantage of Q System One is design. Unlike the 50-qubit computer exhibited at CES 2018, the new machine does not occupy the whole place. The system is more compact and has an integrated structure, almost as in the case of a regular PC.
The machine is still big though. According to Engadget, Q System One is a cube more than 2 meters high. It may not be as compact as a desktop computer, but it almost fits into the computer server room of a company.
The appearance of the machine was designed by Map Project Office, a London-based industrial design agency that has already worked. with automakers like Honda. It is no wonder that IBM is comparing the design of its new quantum computer to that of a car.
"Imagine a car," he told Engadget, "but removes the shiny exterior, and then moves the battery to the side, instead of having a well-integrated electronics together and that sort of thing, start by separating them into pieces and simply spreading them over the entire car.This may still be functional.But this is not a good integration [em termos de] is not it? "[19659002] This is the main problem that Q System One is trying to solve, as well as the problem of stability. In a sense, the machine is only a small step forward in the development of quantum computing technology. But it's still a breakthrough.
—————————– What is a quantum computer
l & rsquo; Quantum computer is a machine that works on the basis of our knowledge in quantum physics. In theory, it has much more computational power than systems working with conventional computing, promising in the future to handle a large number of calculations per minute to solve complex problems.
Ordinary computers use bits to perform calculations. Quantum systems already use qubits. The qubit is the quantum version of the traditional bits. While a bit can only take the values 1 or 0, the qubit can be 1, 0 or both at the same time. Although this may seem like a small step forward (three possible values instead of two), it's much more important than that. Because when multiple qubits take two values at the same time, they can also perform a series of calculations at the same time.
Imagine, for example, that you are planning a backpack and want to know the best way to travel: how to pay more cheaply in all the pbadages, how to capture the best time in each place, how to be present in the as many parties as possible, how to avoid the maximum of rainy days, etc. There are of course countless possibilities and variables to weigh and a traditional computer should calculate each individually.
Quantum computers can theoretically calculate all the possibilities at the same time. This would not only allow complex questions to be answered much more quickly, but would also easily resolve issues that would take a lot of time, even for today's supercomputers.
———– —————– Superposition
One of the most remarkable features of the quantum model of the Physical is the concept of superposition: in some situations, some objects or particles can take two different states. at the same time. The Austrian scientist Erwin Schrödinger, one of the pioneers of quantum physics, illustrated this trait with the mental experiment "The Schrödinger Cat".
Imagine a cat in a box. Inside the box, there is also a bottle of poison, which will kill the cat if it is broken. On the bottle is a hammer connected to a radiation detector: if the detector detects any type of radiation in the environment, the bottle is broken and the cat dies. It is not possible to see inside the box.
According to Schrödinger, as we can not see inside the box, we can not know if the cat is dead or alive. In this situation, we should not think that the cat is dead or alive, but rather that it is both alive and dead, or "vivomorph", to understand what is the superposition.
The example of Schrödinger in However, it is only to illustrate a principle that can be used in other contexts to generate new technological possibilities. By understanding the concept of "superposition", it is possible to understand what is a qubit and why it can have two values at the same time.
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