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Manaus – According to indigenous state rulers, more than 300 indigenous families are threatened by the interim measure (MP 870/19) established by the federal government. With this measure, the Ministry of Agriculture receives since the last day the allocation of the demarcation of indigenous lands and quilombolas.
"We have more than 100 references of isolated peoples, the largest in the world, it is as if we are not Brazilian citizens and we are, we have resisted for over 519 years and we need to respect, "criticized the coordinator general of the indigenous organizations of the Brazilian Amazon (Coiab), Nara Baré.
The coordinator noted a lack of dialogue with the indigenous population and quilombola. According to Baré, with the change of attribution, the action has further weakened the National Foundation of the Indian (Funai).
"This information that 13% of the national territory was useless did not correspond to reality.We take care of the common good, we have a very different vision of development.It is very clear that this speech, which says that 39, there will be no change of favor, is a lie, because the measure benefits anyone in the campaign of (Jair) Bolsonaro.
Funai was linked to the Ministry of Justice, where 150 demarcations awaited the completion of the process in the Amazon. National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (Incra), badociated with the Civil House, was responsible for the definition of the term quilombos.
Funai, MP 870/19, is entrusted to the Ministry of Women, the Family and Family Rights. Man and Incra is at the Ministry of Agriculture, where the demarcation processes of the natives are ongoing, Baré said.
"The problem of the latifundia must be solved, but not so, give the henhouse to the fox He was to continue within the Ministry of Justice to call people to dialogue," said the native leader.
The leader had to change his phone after suffering threats of falling land conflicts. Even so, Baré says he is not afraid of reprisals.
"I am asked if I am not afraid – I answer that it is always Brazil that I have lived in. It has never been easy for us, there has always been this resistance. The difference is that it is not a cold war, it was hidden and now it is clear, "she said. "Since the first invasion in 1500, hatred and blood have always flowed," he added.
Unconstitutionality
For the seat of government opposition Jair Bolsonaro in the Chamber of Deputies of Brasilia, the measure is unconstitutional. The Aribration of Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (Apib) has filed a petition asking the Attorney General, Raquel Dodge, to take legal action to suspend the new badignment of the Ministry of Agriculture.
According to Coaiab's general coordinator, the change is an affront to Article 6 of the International Labor Organization (ILO) Convention 169 and institutionalized in the Federal Constitution (CF), Decree No. 5 051 of 2004, which gives the right of consultation to the peoples whenever legislative or administrative measures are envisaged
Apib requested the establishment of a civil investigation to investigate the acts and processes of Demarcation of the demarcation of indigenous lands to be processed by the Ministry of Agriculture. "In addition to determining the possible administrative liability that threatens the administrative morality, democracy and cultural rights of indigenous peoples, on the basis of article 129, paragraph V, of the 1988 Constitution," says the document filed January 3, in Brasilia
Deputy Alceu Moreira (MDB-RS), who presided over the Funai IPC in the House in 2017, said in an interview with Agencia Câmara that the government had corrected the guidelines in the land demarcation process.
] "The edict must appeal to anthropologists without an ideological link or monitor the whims of anyone, whether or not Indians have the right to land." This does not happen in Brazil. he declared. For Moreira, the demarcation process was carried out unilaterally by Funai anthropologists.
In Cimi, 206 indigenous lands are in a serious situation, in the state of Amazonas
In Brazil, the Indian Missionary Council Cimi) declared that 537 indigenous lands were in a "serious situation", without any provision of the Union for regularization; Of this total, 206 are in the Amazon. According to CIMI, the state holds the highest number of claimed lands, about 38%, having not initiated the administrative demarcation process.
According to Cimi, Amazonas is the state that has the largest number of lands. Indigenous peoples have always claimed without working groups (WGs), the first step in the process of administrative demarcation. The indigenous territory (TI) Maraguá, in the municipality of Nova Olinda do Norte, is one of the 206 without welfare in the state, which counts 56 other countries that stagnated at different stages of the demarcation process.
Indigenistas is responsible for the protection of isolated peoples. and recent contacts issued a manifesto late December to warn of new risks of pressure on these Indians. In a public letter, the Coordinators of the Fronts of Ethno-Environmental Protection and the General Coordination of Isolated Indians and recent contacts of FUNAI warned against "the extreme complexity and specificity of the protection policy of these peoples and the need to take strong measures in favor of territorial defense ". (19659002)
Among young leaders of indigenous organizations in the Brazilian Amazon (Coiab), Michele Tukano says that the Tukano people sadly received the news, but said that everyone was already waiting for this measure. For the Indian, the economic interest of mining, livestock and hydropower construction is linked to the decision of the government Jair Bolsonaro.
"I accessed the Internet, it was the first time I read.As a native, I was shocked to read that I had no motive.The demarcation is an act of great importance for people.According to Tukano, the most coveted areas of the Amazon are found in the area of the dog's head (northwest of the state).
The most coveted areas of Amazonas, according to Tukano, are the consolidation of the preservation of culture and the preservation of the environment that many of us take in charge. , the region is the location and territory of 23 indigenous peoples.
"The areas of Santa Isabel do Rio Negro and Barcelos (central and lower Rio Negro) are under pressure for tourism and fishing, but all indigenous lands suffer. For us, the indigenous movement has not been at all surprised by the government, which has always made it very clear that it will not delineate an inch of indigenous land, "said Coiab's general coordinator, Nara. Baré
Tenharim
Ivanildo Tenharim, a Tenharim people, says that while some changes promise improvement, most of the measures have been detrimental to indigenous peoples, and until the 1970s, the Tenharim people were estimated at about 5,000 indigenous people in the Amazon Today, according to the head of government, there are just over 1,300
"Without support, with the onset of diseases, we die of measles, the flu, all this helped to decimate my people, who grew up now
Ivanildo, who heads the indigenous municipal secretariat of the municipality of Humaitá (696 kilometers from Manaus), defends the dialogue with the new president and indigenous peoples to reverse the situation
] "In the region, we do not support Bolsonaro, but I see that he says he has good plans to help our people develop. The problem is that he has much more bad words than good words against us, "said the leader.
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