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At least 44.2% of 24- to 35-year-olds educated in higher education are currently in jobs requiring a level of qualification below the level of education acquired. The data was published in today (12) by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (Ipea) in the Labor Market Component of the Fourth Charter of Rooms . Evolution of the employed population with a higher level of education is based on data from the national survey on a continuous household sample (PNAD)
The study of the Institute of Applied Economic Research (Ipea) Continu), carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in partnership with the General Register of Employees and Unemployed (Caged) of the Ministry of Labor and of Employment.
According to the planning and research technique of Maria Ipea Maria Lameiras, the study shows that the Brazilian economy still can not create jobs consistent with the increase in the number of employees. 39, education of the population. The percentage of Brazilians at the top level rose from 10.2% in 2012 to 13.9% in 2018 and the number of workers at the higher level rose from 13.1 million to 19.4 million over the same period.
"[19659008] Today we have an increasingly educated population, a high point in the number of those who have a university degree, but one-third do not get it. 39, employment compatible. "
Vacancies
According to the technique employed, the economic crisis having started at the end of 2014, the reduction in the number of employees was reduced by 38%, the Highest index in the historical series that had started in 2012, while it was 33%. number of those who obtain a job compatible with schooling and, consequently, fill the vacancies of those who do not have a diploma.
"Nowadays, a large number of university workers are expected to take on the functions of high school or college."
The difference in salary between the upper-level population occupying a compatible position and the one with function lower than their qualification also increased during the period. , the difference was 46% and reached 74% in the third quarter of 2018. "That is, a worker who has a diploma and a compatible job earns 5,700 reais." And a worker who also has a higher degree, but who does not have compatible employment, earns R $ 3,200. "
Labor Market
The study also shows that the country's economic recovery is moderate. The unemployment rate declined in October to 11.7% in the mobile quarter. However, the number of underemployed working less than 40 hours per week but wishing to work more increased by 10.4% to 7 million compared to the same period in 2017.
Ipea points out that the recovery of The economy and labor market in 2018 has been below expectations, despite the creation of 790 jobs. According to the researcher, the year was "very troubled", with the truck drivers' strike, the devaluation of the Real and the elections, which resulted in a lack of confidence in the market for the resumption of economic growth and prevented the effects of the reform of the workforce were felt in the labor market.
"From late 2014 to September 2018, economic indicators deteriorated and last year, the numbers stabilized at a level" The labor market is the last to enter the crisis and the last to resume. In 2015, the economy was very bad, but the job market was not it. When the crisis hits the job market, any empire, which happened at the end of 2015-2016. When other sectors of the economy come back, it takes time to think about the job market. "
The data show that the economically active population grew slightly by 0.9 and the employed population increased by 1.5% in the quarter ended in September, which led to a downward trend in unemployment.
Ipea points out that the level of unemployment is still very high, as well as the discouragement, that is to say the unoccupied people who have not looked for work, that is 4.37 million Brazilians , an increase of 10.6% compared to the same period of 2017. This corresponds to 2.7% of the population of working age The number of workers without a formal contract increased by 2.9% and the number of workers self-employed increased by 5.2% during the quarter.
The expectation of Ipea researchers for 2019 is an improvement in the labor market.
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