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The man behind the appointment of two of the most important government ministers, Jair Bolsonaro, is neither military nor political. He does not lead any group of deputies in the House nor is he the spokesperson for a parliamentary thematic front supporting the retired captain of the army, such as Evangelical or Agricultural. At the age of 71, Olavo de Carvalho has been living in the United States since 2005, where he teaches philosophy courses via video on the Internet. Until recently, it was treated as a sort of caricature of the far right and neoconservatism in Brazil, but something has definitely changed with the election of Bolsonaro to the presidency of the Republic. Carvalho is not only the intellectual guru of some of the president's closest advisers, but also the direct sponsor of the appointments of Ernesto Araújo at the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ricardo Vélez Rodríguez at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Education. (GUY).
The so-called new law that took power thanks to Bolsonaro, which combines the defense of economic liberalism with moral conservatism, has a clear intellectual reference in the Brazilian philosopher Olavo de Carvalho. Flávio Bolsonaro, an elected Senator from Rio de Janeiro and son of the future President of Brazil, and his brother Eduardo have been to Richmond, Virginia, and have shown on YouTube with him. The list of followers does not stop there: among the followers of Carvalho are characters such as the right-wing blogger Felipe Moura Brazil and the federal vice-president Joyce Hbadelmann, of the same party as the president-elect
. Olavo de Carvalho is an intellectual who has a considerable influence on Brazilian public opinion. He has been working for several decades as a journalist in leading newspapers, then in social media, where he spreads his thoughts and discovers his followers, "says Alvaro Bianchi, a professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Tokyo. State of Campinas (Unicamp) .In spite of the fact that there is "little truth" in the philosophical narrative presented by Carvalho, Bianchi explains that it is persuasive and effective in addressing "fears and the insecurities of the common man facing the transformations of the contemporary world "
.In addition to being a philosopher, Olavo de Carvalho is a writer – 18 books, according to his Twitter profile -, lecturer and He is an intellectual (revered by his followers as a spirit who rebelled against a so-called monopoly of the left in the Brazilian press and academy), but he has always built his career with his back to the University degrees (he does not have, for example, university title, and much of his work focuses specifically on the disqualification of the academy.)
Contempt seems to be reciprocal in Brazilian colleges, where the Carvalho's works are virtually ignored or treated as having no scientific value. "In my generation and among my colleagues, no one reads Olavo de Carvalho [Ele] is absolutely irrelevant from a philosophical point of view," says José Arthur Giannoti, Emeritus Professor of the Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Humanities. University of São Paulo (USP)) and founding member of the Brazilian Center for Analysis and Plenary (Cebrap). "I have no interest in reading Olavo de Carvalho, except that [para] explains how the new right sees it as an idol and that so many people in Brazil are influenced by it."
The success that Olavo has won from Carvalho in the new Brazilian right, to the point of becoming an editorial phenomenon and to achieve the purpose of status of a true guru, is mainly due to his militancy online in recent years. a profile on Facebook that has more than 543,000 subscribers. In addition, he offers to a official website a philosophy seminar – "the only one that can help you practice philosophy instead of just repeating what other people, as illustrious as you want, said it "- with videoaulas and whose monthly cost is 60 reais.
The themes of the videos published by Carvalho on the Internet are multiple. Former President Lula has already been defined as "the supreme leader of Latin American communism"; considers the São Paulo Forum, a forum created in the 1990s that brings together left-wing parties in Latin America, "the largest political organization in the world"; categorized fascism as a "variant of the socialist movement", and stated that "the ideology of gender, abortion and gayzism " are part of a " cultural revolution "coordinated by the leftists.
their badyzes are often badociated with conspiracy theories of dubious origin – or have sometimes proven to be false. In a November 2008 article entitled The Miracles of the Obamic Faith for example, Olavo de Carvalho describes Barack Obama, the Democratic presidential candidate who was preparing to defeat the White House, as a politician "enthusiastically supported by al-Qaeda., by Hamas, the Palestine Liberation Organization, the Iranian President [Mahmoud] Ahmadinejad, Muammar Gaddafi, Fidel Castro, Hugo Chavez and all anti-American forces pro-communists and anti-terrorists of the world, without any
In a more recent episode, during the last Brazilian presidential campaign, Carvalho published on his social networks a message in which he affirmed that Fernando Haddad, candidate of the PT having failed, presented in a book his excuses for the practice of incest …
According to Esther Solano, professor at the Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp) and organizer of the liv re Hate as Politics (Boitempo Publishing House), as in the case of Bolsonaro, the strength of Olavo de Carvalho in the Brazilian neo-conservative movement can not be understood than by the phenomenon of social networks. "[Ele] is the typical person who has capitalized on this new communication format: easy, fast, controversial and combative," he says. "This is the communicative form of best seller of this speaker with very simple content and very chewed." An easy, controversial and controversial thing is that he knows how to communicate based on controversial sentences, brief content, easy messages and attacks. it makes success. "
The Cultural War
If in his texts and his videos, Olavo de Carvalho appears as a person who evolves naturally between various philosophical and topical questions, a subject seems to deserve his particular attention. the idea of "cultural Marxism", a conspiracy theory prevalent in many far-right circles around the world.It basically uses the texts of the Italian Marxist philosopher Antonio Gramsci to attack a supposed infiltration of communist thought in various cultural institutions – from schools to the press to universities – to destroy the values of civilization
Carvalho tries to adapt the theory to the Brazilian context There are records on the Internet in which he says that this coordinated action of the left on the Brazilian institutions occurred after the coup of military state of 1964. "In Gramsci's strategy [filósofo marxista italiano] most of the activists involved did not go to preach ideas On the contrary, [ela] was attacked at specific points representing pillars of civilization, such as the idea of family, badual morality and the foundations of criminal and civil law, "says Carvalho in one of his videos. "To give you an idea of how they took it seriously, at the time of the military government, the left was already dominating all the Brazilian press.You did not have a newspaper whose editor-in-chief was not communist [comunistas] "he concludes. The theory propagated by Carvalho may have little or no support between historians and specialists, but finds fertile ground in Brazilian neoconservatism.
According to Bianchi, of Unicamp, Carvalho "would have" plunged "back into the Brazilian context" quite effectively ", a subject that began to be discussed in the United States in the 1970s." The idea of a threatening cultural Marxism The values and intellectual traditions of our societies have been a recurring theme in the American political debate for a long time, explains the professor.For Bianchi, who studies precisely the work of Gramsci, There is no doubt that the theses presented by Carvalho in this field are conspiracy theories. "He [Olavo de Carvalho] attributes to Marxism in Brazilian universities a weight that simply does not exist."
L & # Bolsonaro's ascent lifted Olavo de Carvalho from the shadows and placed him at the center of the understanding of what the captain thinks so much … retired from the army as some people from his circle of trust Carvalho was congratulated by the secretary of international relations of the party of the elected president (PSL), Filipe Martins. "The imagination of the average Brazilian journalist is not able to embrace a man of thought. to the inner life and the construction of a well-studied life, as Olavo de Carvalho ", recently published Martins on Twitter
In addition, Carvalho has already proved the full extent of his influence on Bolsonaro. In forming the new government, the philosopher managed to place two names on the esplanade of the ministries, precisely those of more ideological profile. Ernesto Araújo, for example, is a diplomat who, at the head of Foreign Affairs, promises to fight "climate alarmism" and "abortion and anti-Christian regimes in multilateral fora," according to an article he published in the newspaper last week . Gazeta do Povo . The time when Carvalho was described as an eccentric right-wing agitator on social networks, with no major consequences, was left behind.
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