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The universe is filled with crystals, which are the remains of stars. And our Sun is exactly the type of star that, long after its "death", turns into space crystal balls, which must happen in 10 billion years.
Formed about 4.57 billion years ago, the Sun has about half of its main sequence – a time when nuclear fusion turns hydrogen into helium. That's what an unpublished study has just confirmed. Our star will remain in this sequence another 5 billion years, when hydrogen will be exhausted. Then, the sun will begin to decrease, while its temperature will reach 100 million Kelvin, a temperature sufficient to begin the melting of helium in the nucleus, producing carbon. Then begins the phase in which the Sun will become a red giant, grow absurdly and "devour" the rock planets (including the Earth) of the solar system.
Because the Sun does not have enough mbad to convert carbon into oxygen, it will not explode like a supernova. Instead, when the helium fusion is complete, it will be wrapped in a nebula, gradually cool down and become a white dwarf star, thus staying for about 5 billion years.
During this process of transformation, burnt stars are reduced to smaller and smaller gas orbs, composed of electrons and ions of carbon and oxygen . When these orbs contract, the ions are "squeezed" until they are finally frozen, forming the crystalline structures.
] This crystallization process was first predicted about 50 years ago by Hugh Van Horn, professor of astrophysics at the University of Rochester in the United States. At present, a team of researchers, extracting data collected by the Gaia probe from ESA (the European Space Agency), has finally found these crystals, thus confirming Van's prediction Horn. For the study, 15,109 white dwarves were badyzed. The team mapped their brightness and their colors until they encountered a strange group in the spotlight. "We saw a bunch of white dwarfs of some colors and luminosity that otherwise were not related in terms of evolution." We realized that it was not a problem. 39; a distinct population of white dwarfs, but rather the cooling effect and crystallization expected 50 years "According to Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay, lead author of the study and adjunct professor at the University of Warwick.
According to the new study, crystallization occurs when white dwarfs cool down to 10 million degrees Celsius with stars crystallizing faster than smaller ones. "We think this is due to the fact that oxygen first crystallizes and then sinks into the nucleus, a process similar to sedimentation in a river bed on Earth. high and this separation releases gravitational energy, "says Tremblay
Source: University of Warwick
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