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Faced with the difficulty of obtaining support to tighten retirement rules, the economic sector of the new government is planning a series of measures to prepare the ground for social security reform.
The changes are part of an interim measure that began to be developed by members of the Paulo Guedes (Economics) ministry prior to the possession of Jair Bolsonaro (PSL).
The strategy advocated by the team is to explore the discourse that the new government has decided to take measures to fight against fraud and correct the damage caused by the social protection system. This is only when the retirement rules will change.
The goal is to vaccinate against recurrent criticism during the reform debate sent by President Michel Temer: opponents said that the government should, before tightening the rules of access to benefits , step up its efforts against fraud and recover debtors.
The text of the provisional measure, to which BBC News Brazil had access, establishes the reimbursement of the amounts paid by the National Social Security Institute (INSS), unduly after the death of the beneficiary, and modifies the rules relating to to detention.
One of the points that the interlocutors consider more likely to be attractive in Bolsonaro's speech – rather than a tax impact – is the modification of the pardon rule for imprisonment, the compensation paid to the family of the low income insured who contributed to the INSS. The idea is to start charging 12 monthly dues so that the family is entitled to help.
Since it is paid to relatives of imprisoned persons, the aid to detention is often the subject of controversy. The INSS itself often discloses information to clarify what it calls "false information and rumors" about the benefits, which are provided for in the Constitution.
Despite discussions about the nature of the aid, the amount spent does not exceed 0.2% of the total amount paid by the INSS. The latest data, dating from October, show that the aid to isolation represented an expense of R $ 48.3 million, paid to 47,000 beneficiaries. The total expenditure on social security and social badistance benefits amounted to R $ 43 billion per month.
The current version of the interim measure, which is still subject to adjustment, also provides for the payment of bonuses to servers in order to speed up the badysis of cases with irregularities, Bemob (Special Institutional Performance Bonus for Determining Benefits with Safety Signs). Operational supervision of irregular benefits).
Under the proposed rule, employees should give priority to badyzing benefits that have begun to be paid as long as possible. The other criteria will be: suspicion of death of the beneficiary, undue potential accumulation of benefits and late claims, possibly payment of a monetary correction.
On the one hand, this bonus increases spending with INSS employees. On the other hand, the argument used will be that the generated savings will offset and reduce the unwanted expenses – such as the monetary correction for delay in the badysis of claims – and undue – as the payment of benefits to persons who are not entitled to it.
In the new government, the INSS will no longer be linked to the Ministry of Social Development but to the Ministry of Economy.
The Ministry of Guedes will also be the Special Secretariat for Social Security. Rogério Marinho (PSDB-RN), a federal deputy who was the labor reform rapporteur in the House and was not re-elected, will be responsible for policy formulation for the region.
Wanting the report to comment on the measures, Marinho said that it would only manifest itself after the inauguration of Bolsonaro.
The deputy secretary of the sector will be Leonardo Rolim, budget consultant to the Chamber of Deputies. He was previously Secretary of Social Security Policies at the then Ministry of Social Security and President of the National Council of Directors of Social Security Schemes (Conaprev).
The text of the interim measure still has to be approved by the new president.
The measures that Bolsonaro considers to be priorities in the various sectors of government are not yet determined. The new ministers presented the priorities of his presentation so that Bolsonaro could select the main projects. It is expected that the disclosure will take place in the early days of the new team's exercise.
The terms of the pension reform proposal that Bolsonaro will defend and the deadline for submitting a text to Congress are still unclear.
Although it is recognized that it is essential to change the rules of retirement and pensions to adjust the public accounts, government members have given different signals about it.
The divergences even concern fundamental points, such as the possibility of taking advantage of the text of the reform sent by Temer. Bolsonaro's Government House Minister, Onyx Lorenzoni, criticized the measure and even described the current government's proposal as "shit".
However, the Bolsonaro team adopted the following position: the fastest and most feasible way to approve a pension reform would be to take advantage of the text sent in 2016, which has already been approved by special commission of the House.
According to a member of the Department of Guedes, a viable option would be to introduce an agglutinative amendment – that is, an alternative text – to leave the amendment proposal to the Temer Constitution bearing the "stamp" of Bolsonaro.
In this way, the procedure should not start from scratch and could start from the plenary discussion. Then he will always have to pbad the sieve of the Senate. In the event of an amendment to the Constitution, the text must be subject to two rounds of voting in each chamber and receive the support of at least 3/5 of the parliamentarians.
Temer's rapporteur for the proposal, MP Arthur Maia (DEM-BA), said that he had made two suggestions to Bolsonaro during a meeting with the DEM bench. One is for the new government to take advantage of the text already underway.
"Do not think that Bolsonaro or his team will reinvent the wheel.If the project does not address five central themes, it is not a reform of the aid "he said.
The five main points, according to Maia, are the minimum age, a transition rule, equality between the public and private sectors, special pensions (teachers and police) and retirement rules in rural environment.
"If the government that takes possession of the ball wants to replace it at one time or another, amendments are proposed to allow these changes," he said.
Arthur Maia also stated that he had hinted that Bolsonaro had not treated the subject in the form of slices – that is to say in different projects – as the only one in the world. had even announced the new president.
"Do not imagine that the government will be able to make more change." The idea of reforming slowly does not make sense. the wear and tear that this theme brings to any government. "
The balance of social security accounts in 2018 will be known in January.In 2017, the rhythm of the INSS was to R 182 billion.In the light of the Union staff pension scheme, the deficit amounted to 226.8 billion rubles.
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