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Tuesday officially begins the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements that the United Nations declared 2019 in recognition of the importance of chemistry in society in areas such as health, health and safety. energy and agriculture.
The event, which in Portugal will be marked throughout the year by exhibitions, lectures, training actions for teachers and an edition of commemorative stamps, coincides with the 150 years of the periodic table of Dmitri Mendeleev, which was based on the modern periodic table, which was updated in 2016 with the introduction of four new elements obtained experimentally: nipmon, moscou, tenesso and oganésson
The current table includes 118 chemical elements, arranged in columns according to their atomic number, which define their properties.
Most elements exist in nature, the rest has been synthesized in the laboratory. There are metals and non-metals, such as gases.
Adelino Galvão, Secretary General of the Portuguese Chemical Society, who will attend the opening ceremony of the International Year in Paris, France, compares the painting to a house built with pieces of Lego, in which the parts are all the constituent elements of the organic and inorganic matter, which are "clbadified" by "families" because of similar chemical characteristics, such as density and radioactivity.
The way in which chemical elements are "configured" makes it possible "to predict physical properties such as reactivity," he told Lusa, pointing out that iodine binds to radioactive compounds and was therefore administered to the managers of the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan when an earthquake occurred as a result of an earthquake in 2011.
Adelino Galvão also draws attention to the misuses of chemical elements, especially when they are synthesized in the laboratory. for purposes such as chemical warfare or drugs, and not as drugs to treat diseases.
For researcher Teresa Duarte, of the Structural Chemistry Center of the Instituto Superior Técnico, the periodic table "represents all chemistry and connects it to the world." To what exists on and off the earth , "entering homes and everyday life" people.
Stars like the Sun are made of hydrogen, the most abundant element of the Universe, the Moon and the bones contain calcium, nickel coins, aluminum planes , a fluoride toothpaste and tears and sodium salt.
Colorful balloons sold at fairs do not fill without helium, silver jewelry is valuable,
Teresa Duarte also points out the usefulness of chemical elements in scientific research: "The elements of the periodic table are used to miniaturize materials ", at the level of nanotechnology [19659002] The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleyev managed to publish in 1869 the first version of the periodic table as it is known today by controlling 63 chemical elements according to their atomic mbad.
He did not win a Nobel Prize, but as a reward, after his death, his name was given to a chemical element, the Mendelian, first synthesized in 1955. It's a metal and radioactive element without application.
In Portugal, Mendeleev will be remembered this year in a philatelic edition and the periodic table of exhibition motifs (from the oldest to the most recent format) and a national meeting with lectures on the chemical elements present in food, materials or energy.
Opening Ceremony The International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements is held Tuesday at the headquarters of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Paris.
Dutch chemist Ben Feringa, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2016 and Honorary Member of the Portuguese Society of Chemistry, as well as the Russian nuclear physicist Yuri Oganessian, pioneer of the discovery of the heaviest chemical elements, will participate. Element 118, the last of the periodic table that was synthesized in the lab for the first time in 2002, is called oganésson in his honor.
Tuesday, in Portugal, several cities, such as Lisbon, Porto, Almada, Aveiro (19659018) (function (d)), which should serve as a basis for the study of periodic events of periodic events from Braga, Coimbra, Évora, Faro, Funchal, Tomar and Vila Real. , s, id) {var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName (s) [0]; if (d.getElementById (id)) return; js = d.createElement (s); js.id = id; js.src = & # 39; https: //connect.facebook.net/en/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v3.0&appId=1872392332979417&autoLogAppEvents=1' ;; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore (js, fjs);} (document, script) & quot; facebook-jssdk & quot;));
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