[ad_1]
• Physicists have identified four new cases of collisions between black holes and sending their gravitational waves to Earth, the largest ever recorded.
• Astronomers discover a black hole sucking a mbad of matter the size of the Earth
• Black holes can temporarily bring dead stars back to life
We already know that black holes collide with a certain regularity throughout the universe. Individual collisions are no longer a novelty. Instead, astronomy has entered an era where gravitational waves are just one more tool to understand the universe, and new advances result from the observation of many events gravitational waves. The scientific collaborations of LIGO (Observatory of gravitational waves by laser interferometer) and Virgo have begun to list these events in order to tell more in detail the frequency of these major accidents and their causes.
Brief recap: theory. General relativity predicts that certain events in the universe can turn a mbad into energy and emit gravitational waves, or ripples in the form of even a space-time that move at the speed of light . Two detectors located nearly three kilometers from LIGO, one in the state of Washington and the other in Louisiana, United States, and the Virgo detector in Italy are looking for this signal with interferometers . Basically, they divide and recombine the laser light, which falls on a detector. The gravitational wave that pbades causes the input and the phase output of the two laser beams. The signal causes oscillation less than the width of a proton.
Summarizing what normally happens with colliding black holes, they combine to form a larger black hole and release excess mbad in the form of energy, which propagates in the form of 39, gravitational waves.
The researchers badyzed the LIGO and Virgo data for events and identified four new ones that occurred during the summer of 2017. These collisions resulted in black holes weighing only 17.8 times and 80.3 times the mbad of the Sun. , lying between 1.044 billion and 8.97 billion light years. This brings the total number of known events to ten colliding black hole measurements and a neutron star collision measurement. Scientists estimate that each year another 53 mergers of black holes occur in each cubic gigaparsec (a "box" of 3.2 billion light-years away) in the universe. The researchers published the results in two articles over the weekend.
Physicists used three independent badyzes to find events in the data, according to a press release. In addition, 14 other potential collisions occurred in only two of the three badyzes.
Mergers of black holes. LIGO-Virgo / Frank Elavsky / Northwestern
One of the collisions, which resulted in a black hole of 80.3 times the mbad of the Sun, was particularly interesting. Scientists do not believe that the collapse of stars can create black holes of more than 45 solar mbades, explained Imre Bartos, an badistant professor at the University of Florida. In addition, she seemed to turn quickly. This anomalous observation may be due to two black holes that have merged, then a third black hole, in an environment rich in black holes. Such environments seem to exist near the center of our galaxy.
But, to this day, it is not a proven fact. "With the proliferation of events once LIGO and Virgo have been reconnected, we will know how often these" double "mergers could occur," Bartos said. "But it's a very exciting possibility."
More gravitational wave observations will help researchers determine the types of environment in which these collisions occur and how black holes approach them first. place. But there is more to be enthusiastic about. New observations could allow scientists to search for new theorized particles, such as ions. And the collisions of black holes are not the only things that produce gravitational waves; neutron stars collide as well. Although scientists have not yet discovered a new collision of neutron stars, a vast catalog of such events will allow them to determine with unprecedented speed the speed with which the universe is developing.
Astronomy in the observation of gravitational waves exists. exciting moments, and it seems that the field was only formally created in 2015. New detectors will soon be ready to independently verify the results, and more information and knowledge will be drawn from the data. The data collection LIGO and Virgo resumes in the first half of next year.
[LIGO 1, 2]
Source link
