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The jaguar approaches slowly and calmly, trying not to be noticed. His eyes are fixed on the possible prey, an anteater, which is about the same size.
The two Latin American species Alerts, considered vulnerable to extinction, are very close and calculate the movements of the anteater.
The confrontation therefore takes place. But it is not the predator that attacks the prey. It's the anteater that leaves self-defense. He advances towards the jaguar and seems to be trying to hit him with his strong paw of strength, with long sharp claws – his interest is only to defend himself since he feeds on ants and is termites.
After the Anteater attack, the feline moves away with great agility. And give up the hunt, because the prey is too brave.
Such scenes are rare moments in Brazilian wildlife. In recent years they have been filmed twice. One by the Onçafari project at the Caiman ecological refuge in Mato Grosso do Sul in September 2018. Another at the Gurupi Biological Reserve in Maranhão in January 2016 by the Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity (ICMBio ).
"We watched the jaguar eight years ago, during which time we saw that the jaguar tried to take it five times – and there was succeeded only once, "says Mário Haberfeld, coordinator of Onçafari. In the images recorded by the project, the anteater repels the approach of a female jaguar about two years old, known by the project team as Xereta.
"The imagination of people is that it is always a fatal encounter, in which the jaguar But there are a number of factors that give the final result, by example, if you are a more mature anteater and if the jaguar is not hungry, "says biologist Rodrigo Viana, founder and researcher at the Jurumi Institute, who works with anteater. "The anteater tends to flee, but if he feels threatened, he may try to defend himself."
"The anteater is a prey of the jaguar, but it is not the main one." Said Ronaldo Morato, coordinator of the National Center for Research and Conservation of Carnivorous Mammals (Cenap) of the United States. ICMBio, which monitors biodiversity with night-time cameras – one of them, which included the meeting between the anteater and the jaguar in the Gurupi in 2016.
Jaguar and the anteater are facing Similar threats
Originally, the jaguar and anteater lived scattered from southern North America south to South America. But over time, they lost much of their natural habitat. In several countries, such as the United States and Uruguay, species are already extinct.
Today, it is in Brazil that they live in greater numbers. But here too, they are considered vulnerable to extinction. Previously, they lived scattered throughout the country, from north to south and are virtually extinct in the Pampa, in Rio Grande do Sul, and are not very visible in the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga. The Amazon and the Pantbad are the regions where they are most often present
"The jaguar and the anteater are no longer present in several places of Brazil, where one no longer exists, the other too, "says Rodrigo. Viana, from Jurumi
"Jaguars are very good in the Amazon and in the Pantbad, in the Pampas, they are extinct, in Caatinga and in the Atlantic forest, they are very threatened," says Haberfeld of Onçafari. Over the past eight years, the project has identified 134 ounces. The identification is done using the pints pattern, which looks like a digital file, specific to each animal. The same goes for the anteater, which is already considered extinct in most of southern Brazil and Rio de Janeiro
The main threat to both species is the loss of habitat caused by the deforestation. agriculture and livestock and the establishment of highways. It is estimated that the number of animals of both species has decreased by 30% over the past three decades.
In the particular case of jaguars, the species is also hunted by cattle ranchers who want revenge if the cat has attacked the cattle.
Meanwhile, tamanduás-bandeiras, who have slow movements, are often victims of road accidents. "Another problem is that people kill the anteater because they think it's dangerous, but that's not the case," says biologist Flavia Miranda, one of the Largest Brazilian specialists of this species, from the Tamandua Institute.
The largest feline of the Americas and one of the oldest species on the continent
The jaguar is the largest cat on the American continent. It can weigh more than 100 pounds and measure over 1.5 meters in length, not counting the tail. Extremely agile, it does not have a natural predator.
His favorite dishes are tapirs, capybaras and alligators, but may also be anteater earlier. He usually goes hunting in the late afternoon and evening.
ICMBio estimates that there are only about 10,000,000 jaguars in Brazil. Each of them can occupy an area of 260 km2
The anteater is one of the oldest species in Latin America, more than 50 million years old, says Flávia Miranda. "They are living fossils," she says.
The animal is much lighter than the jaguar and weighs between 30 and 40 kilos. But it has a similar scope. It can measure over 2 meters long, counting the long tail full of long hairs, similar to a hoisted flag – hence its name.
His diet is composed of insects. During the day you can eat around 30,000 termites or ants.
"The anteater has no teeth, so he takes care of the claw with all his affection and only uses it to defend himself or find termites or anthills" says Flavia Miranda [19659025]
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