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RIO – The unemployment rate fell for the second time in a row, reaching 11.6% for the quarter ended November, driven by the informal sector, which broke records. The number of employees without portfolio (11.7 million) and self-employed (23.8 million – of which 80% without CNPJ) is the largest in the historical series of the ongoing survey Pnad, started in 2012. These two record, the group of employees also reached its highest figure: 93.2 million Brazilians during the three-month period ended in November. The data was published by IBGE on Friday.
The survey comes, since the second quarter of the year, showing a high occupation. But he has always seen informality, said Cimar Azeredo, coordinator of the work and income of the institute:
– Events such as Election and Black Friday were positive for the labor market in the September-November quarter. The elections were helped by recruiting people into committees, for election cable and to conduct research. It is very likely that this is a temporary contract without a portfolio.
He also pointed out the losses of occupation related to informality: these are people who do not contribute to the social security system, who are not entitled to a holiday, to a 13th salary and other benefits.
In the three months ending in August, which serve as a basis for comparison, the unemployment rate was 12.1%. A year ago, in November 2017, it rose to 12%. The data comes from the Pnad Continuous search, from IBGE, and was published on the last Friday of the year. It considers both formal and informal markets. Analysts surveyed by Bloomberg were counting on a rate of 11.5%. For the year, the market estimates an average unemployment rate of 12%. By 2019, this should pay more.
The number of unemployed, which was 12.7 million in the last quarter and 12.6 million a year ago, also declined. In November, 12.2 million Brazilians were looking for a vacancy. This number remains however double the number of people looking for a job four years before the start of the recession.
– You broke the record for the employed population, but you have twice as many unemployed people as in 2014, before the crisis started. This record of occupation must be celebrated when it deals with absorbing the unemployed and getting people out of informality. We have lost 4 million jobs with a portfolio since 2014, "said Azeredo.
According to IBGE, the number of people employed with a work permit (33 million) was stable in both comparisons. The number of discouraged people, those who gave up looking for work, also remained stable (4.7 million). Average real income also remained unchanged. It has been estimated at R $ 2,238 for the quarter ended in November.
Underutilization
The underutilized population (27 million) includes persons aged 14 or older who were unemployed in the potential labor force – those who were not working or looking for work but were available for work. ; those who were looking for but were not available to work; and discouraged – or those who worked less than 40 hours a week, but who would like and were available to work harder.
This group recorded a reduction of 478,000 people from the previous quarter and an increase of 486,000 compared to the previous year. As a result, the rate of underutilization of the labor force (23.9%) decreased by 0.5 percentage points compared to the quarter ended in August and remained stable compared to the same quarter of last year.
Positions with Work Permit
When the only jobs created with a work permit were observed, Brazil created 58,664 job vacancies (the balance between hires and firing) in November, according to data from General register of employees and unemployed. Ministry of Labour. This is the best result of the month since 2010, when 138,247 official positions were created. November is the fifth consecutive month with a positive result in job creation with a portfolio.
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