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Since 2006, the current generation of vaccines is responsible for the prevention of the majority of rotavirus cases in humans, which causes vomiting, colic, diarrhea and is responsible for 40% of hospitalizations of children in Canada. Brazil.
The work, published in the journal Journal of General Virology and involving researchers from the Instituto Adolfo Lutz (19659002), was published in the Revista journal of General Virology (19659002). IAL) and the Institute of Tropical Medicine USP have shown that a strain mixing equine virus with human virus genetic material is now the most widespread in the badyzes that reach the LAL, which badyzes material from the Midwest, South and part of the Southeast. .
This equine-human rotavirus appeared in the country in 2015. In 2017, it already accounted for 80% of all rotavirus-positive samples.
This type of combination of parts between strains infecting different animals. It's not so rare, said Adriana Luchs researcher Adolfo Lutz. But usually the viruses resulting from these combinations end up in a deadlock, in the infectious sense – they even infect mammals or birds, but they can not infect another animal.
The explanation advanced by the scientists is that equine-human rotavirus would have crossed the country from Foz do Iguaçu, where it was discovered for the first time in March 2015 in a 10-year-old girl who was not pregnant. had not been vaccinated. Since then, the virus has circulated in Paraná until May 2016, until its spread in other states.
Research by Luchs et al., Supported by FAPESP, also identified another virus, type G1 [semblable à celui de DS-1] [8]. which had only been found in Asia.
Although it is a punctual finding in 2013, it is important to note that it is precisely from the G1P strain [8] that the first vaccine against the disease has been formulated. rotavirus (from the drug MSD). And it worked well against all the parents who carry this surname P [8] (which actually identifies one of the proteins present on the surface of the virus), explains Luchs.
An emergency of this subtype might indicate that the vaccine is ceasing to have effect – which, for the moment, is only speculation. In any case, stress the scientists, it is better to stay tuned and continue to monitor closely.
Rotavirus transmission is usually by the fecal-oral route, ie much of the virus is dispersed by feces (about 10 billion viral particles per gram, plus precisely). Resistant, viruses wait in the environment until a new opportunity to infect another animal occurs, restarting the cycle.
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