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Rabies is a lethal disease that affects mammals and should be a constant concern of guardians of dogs and cats, although cases are not so common in Brazil.
After the onset of symptoms, there is no cure for the animal. In humans, lethality is close to 100%. In Brazil, only two patients survived
Prevention is the only way to prevent the disease. Therefore, the control depends on the immunization of each animal every year, obligatorily.
The main transmitters are bats, skunks and monkeys, which infect dogs, cats and humans. Pets can be infected, for example, by hunting a bat or fighting on the street with a sick animal.
Registers are more common in rural areas, which does not exempt the urban guardian from keeping the vaccination card of the animal up to date. Including because the animal may be at risk during a walk or because proof of immunization may be required in travel and hotels, for example.
VACCINE
Rabies was a public health problem years in the country. Immunization campaigns for dogs and cats have begun to change this situation since the 1980s. However, concerns remain.
"The number of infected animals and people in the world has dropped significantly due to the importance of periodic vaccination," says Andrei Nascimento, veterinarian and product manager for the "Istituto". MSD Saúde Animal Pet Unit
The vaccine is offered in private clinics or prefectures.In the city of São Paulo, the dose is applied at any time during the year in fixed positions [19659002] Healthy animals should be vaccinated from the age of three months.The dose should be reapplied every year, even if there is no trace of cases of the disease in the region
The vaccine may cause mild reactions, such as fever and pain at the application site.More serious cases are rare
In addition to anger, other serious diseases, such as distemper, can be prevented by vaccines.
[19659002] Symptoms
Rabies is a viral disease affecting the central nervous system.
The incubation period varies from a few days to several days. month. The symptoms depend on the stage of the disease.
In humans, fever, dizziness, headache, malaise, tingling, tingling, or burning sensation may occur at the site of the bite. According to Andrei Nascimento, animals do not show symptoms, on average, in the first six weeks after infection.
] WHAT TO DO
The guardian must seek the immediate help of the vet if he catches his pet with a bat, if he is reached from an unknown or unvaccinated animal attack or if he is aware of unidentified injuries. Even if he is already vaccinated, the professional will evaluate the preventive treatment against rabies before the possible onset of symptoms.
It is important that the guardian also watch. If the bat is alive, the directive is to throw a bucket or towel on it and ask the city's specialized service for removal.
The search for a doctor must be urgent if the person is attacked by the bat or attacked by unknown animals or without a vaccine.
In this case, the wound should be washed with abundant water and soap. Following this, the professional will evaluate the prophylaxis and define the need for a vaccine or serum
CASES IN BRAZIL AND WORLD
Asia and l & # 39; Africa is at the origin of cases of human rabies. Ministry of Health, eight cases of human rabies were recorded between January and July this year, all by the variant of the bat virus. There were seven cases in Pará and one in Paraná, contracted in Ubatuba (SP). All the victims are dead.
In 2017, there were six cases, five of which were due to direct attacks by bats. They appeared in Amazonas (3), Bahia (1), Tocantins (1) and Pernambuco (1). Of the total, five died. One of the people infected in the Amazon is the second to survive in the history of Brazil.
The capital of São Paulo has had no human rage since 1981. The last record of animal rabies is in 2011, according to the Municipal Health Secretariat.
Already in the state, cases of animal rabies are still registered: this year two dogs and a cat are sick, according to the State Department of Health.
One of the dogs died in Hortolândia. The two-year-old dog, unvaccinated, escaped from his home in May and was seen by neighbors with a bat in his mouth, say city officials. Guardians noticed a change in behavior at the end of June and on July 2, he was euthanized.
To mark the importance of preventive measures in the fight against the disease, we remember the World Rabies Day on September 28th. According to the World Health Organization, about two-thirds of countries are still affected by the disease.
MORE ADVICE
In addition to pet vaccination, other actions can prevent rabies, according to the São Paulo City Department of Health:
– takes the animal walk with a leash and a guide, to avoid contact with other unknown animals;
– in the case of cats, be careful not to go out at night
– do not touch unknown dogs and cats and avoid bites or scratches;
– When bitten or scratched by a dog or cat, wash the area well with soap and water and consult a doctor at the nearest health center.
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