Is it necessary to "civilize" the USB key before removing it?



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Probably not. The key is to bounce for at least a few seconds until all the copy from the cache or related actions is complete, then pull it bravely. It's better not to do it with external hard drives, especially with rotating discs, writes The Verge.

This USB storage recovery procedure is not official and can not really be called conservative and absolutely safe. In the worst case, the file is copied, and maybe even all the storage media is corrupted

"I've removed USB storage from the computer for five years and I'm not sure about it." have never encountered any problems. But the doctoral student thinks that in almost all cases, "normal users will not do anything wrong".

But what about: What happens on a computer when you remove the cache and why is it less damaging? ] What's a bad thing can happen?

Let's start with a small context.

Suppose you copy data from a computer to a USB storage device. Your computer can use the cached write cache: it does not overwrite data directly from one file to another, but uses an intermediate cache to increase the efficiency of this process . Accelerated memory is a computer memory area that can be used very quickly by the computer.

"When writing to a disk, the computer first writes data into its memory, then goes on to record on another computer., Although the data is not yet fully transferred to another storage device, "says Andy Pavlo, an badistant professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University

all of this, in our normal times, arrives very quickly." It's all about "A countdown of a millisecond," said Pawel.The MacOS operating system uses cache memory in all cases, but Windows users have the option to choose to use it. – by default it is disabled.

It is precisely in the data acceleration memory that the Eject function is required. "The eject function of the computer basically tells me : I have the intention to release the disk, so I will empty the cache memory e "recording," explains the teacher's badistant

It is important to know how to use the cache. already finished, but in fact it will not be. For this reason, A.Pavlo recommends that at least MacOS users always use the eject feature: this operating system constantly uses cache memory.

And what happens if you delete it during copying or until the cache is used?

First, a copy file will be corrupted (but it is very likely that the original copy file will remain healthy). There is also the possibility that other files on the same set are corrupted.

The biggest problem that could happen if the USB support is corrupted: there is a small chance that a rough extraction damages the systemic metadata, and that the computer can not detect, where the data are stored.

It should also be mentioned that SanDisk, a company that manufactures external data storage media (also a USB storage device), recommends following the official protocol in all cases. "Whether it's a USB flash drive, an external disk drive or an SD memory card, we recommend you always turn it off in any way. Then, without disconnecting from your computer, camera, or phone, the user can unexpectedly shut down invisible systemic processes in the background, which can lead to corruption. data, "says Brian Pridegone, product marketing manager of the company. Time to click on the eject button?" Basically, it will not be a big difference. In case of catastrophic event, if you remove the support just for the moment you have started the write operation and that some bits have already been registered and others not yet, you may damage the USB storage device. However, their likelihood is so small that I have never seen them personally and I have never heard of this from anyone, "says Jim Waldo, a technology engineer at the John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. from the University of Hawaii. The probability of damaging the media is very small.

So, if you fear that you may disturb the invisible processes in accelerated memory after burning, this is useless: this process ends so quickly that people have no accelerated perception and surreptitious movement

Doctor Ph.Wang agrees that in this case, the essential feature of the recording speed of modern USB storage devices is. "Right now, when it looks like the recording is over and the media can be removed, the process is over," he said.

In short, if you do not want to waste time, do not shoot support until the recording process is not in progress and a millisecond after the end of the recording . Remember that your MacOS computer will definitely use cache memory, and Windows probably is not. The more advanced the device is, the more likely it is that nothing happens.

In the end, if you work with an external drive, the rules are very different (although a modern SSD is not easy to corrupt). For example, if you save your MacOS data with Time Machine, the eject button does not actually crash. Even more rigorous, this rule applies if you are using older discs with rotating discs: the recording of information lasts much longer than SSDs and contains moving parts, so the probability of mechanical damage can not be excluded. the likelihood of any problem with extraction without the eject button is minimal, "said Waldo J. The biggest threat is the insertion of the following media: who knows what it is what's on your computer.

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